Urinary Study Guide 2 Flashcards
(32 cards)
What are the four types of incontinence and describe them.
Stress- the loss of small amounts of urine when intra- abdominal pressure arises.
Urge- Need to void perceived frequency with short lived ability to sustain control of the flow.
Reflex- spontaneous loss of urine When the bladder is stretched with urine but without prior perception of a need to void.
Functional- Control over urination loSe because of an accessibility Of a toilet or compromised ability to use one.
What is the purpose of a guaiac test?
checks for blood in the stool.
What would the VN instruct the client to avoid prior to taking an at home FOBT?
Stop taking nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) 7 days prior to test.
Avoid taking more than 250 mg of vitamin C or consuming citrus fruits or juices for 3 days before beginning the test.
Refrain from eating red meat for 3 days before testing; poultry and fish are allowed. Do not eat raw turnips, radishes, broccoli, beets, carrots, cauliflower, cucumbers, or mushrooms for 2 to 3 days before the test.
What are manifestations of a UTI?
Burning sensation, dribbling of urine, frequency of urination
List instructions to collect a 24-hour urine- specimen:
Have the client void and discard the first urine, then start the collection and continue for 24 hours.
Define: dysuria; urgency; nocturia, and oliguria.
Dysuria is difficult or uncomfortable voiding.
Oliguria, output of urine that is less than 30 mL of urine in an hour and in 24 less than 500 mL.
Nocturia (nighttime urination)
Urgency, (a strong feeling that urine must be eliminated quickly) often accompany dysuria
Medication with ileostomy
do not give enteric coated or capsule medications.
What nursing intervention should you do for cramping with an enema
Lower the height of the solution
To listen to the apical purse
Use the bell
When first caring for an adult in a Snf what should be the first plan?
Assess and mobility
What are 3 non verbal behaviors -
Grimacing, clenching teeth and restlessness
What are causes of constipation?
age, inadequate fluid intake, ignoring the urge to defecate, inadequate fiber, and immobility.
Why does the nurse not want you to strain?
Hemorrhoids, fissures, can cause dysrhythmias .
Give manifestations of dehydration.
Poor Skin turgor, dry skin, color of urine- amber , hypotension, and less water intake.
What are indications to catherize a client?
Obstruction, urine retention, urinarystasis, to measure residual urine after urination, parenial wound.
example of a good fluid balance when assessing I&Os.
Out put urine- 500 to 3,000 mL/day . Input- 2 liters a day.
- What are diagnostic findings in a UTI?
white blood cells Leukocytes and blood.
List assessment of an ileostomy. What color should the stoma be? What instructions should be given regarding medications?
Assess the skin for rashes, redness, scratching or bruising. The stoma should be red or pink, shiny and moist.For medications: enteric coated tablets and sustained release products are to be avoided because they are either destroyed by stomach acid and/or do not have enough time in the gut to release the medication properly.
List manifestations of dehydration
urine-amber color and with a strong odor, Skin- dry skin Poor skin turgor, BP- hypotension or Pulse: rapid .Neck- are the veins flat
- Why does the nurse recommend against straining with defecation? What can it cause?
It can cause hemorrhoids and anal fissures , syncope, and dysrhythmias
What is a normal BP reading? Prehypertension? 1st stage and 2nd stage.
Normal- 120/80
Prehypertension? 120-129/80-89
a. State 1- 130-139/80-90
b. Stage 2- 140/90 or greater
How does the nurse assess the apical pulse?
Assess the apical heart rate to the left of the sternum at the interspace below the fifth rib in midline with the clavicle.
What areas can be used to measure oxygen saturation?
Nose or earlobe
Describe Cheyne-Stokes respirations.
respirations gradually increases, followed by a gradual decrease, and then a period when breathing stops briefly before resuming the pattern again
