Urinary System

Question 1

Most common abdominal mass in NEWBORNS

Answer 1

MCDK

Question 2

Is MCDK usually unilateral or bilateral?

Answer 2

Unilateral

Question 3

Is ADPKD bilateral or unilateral?

Answer 3

Bilateral

Question 4

40% of these patients also have polycystic liver disease

Answer 4

ADPKD

Question 5

This is associated with berry aneurysms.

Answer 5

ADPKD

Question 6

Most common cause of acute kidney injury/ acute renal failure…

Answer 6

Acute tubular necrosis

Question 7

Most common renal mass

Answer 7

Simple cyst

Question 8

Most common cause of chronic renal failure

Answer 8

Diabetes

Question 9

People with this disease have an increased risk of renal cysts and angiomyolipomas

Answer 9

Tuberous sclerosis

Question 10

Most common NEONATE/INFANT renal tumor

Answer 10

Mesoblastic nephroma

Question 11

Leading cause of kidney transplants

Answer 11

Diabetes

Question 12

Albrights/ Anderson-Carr disease is also known as…

Answer 12

Nephrocalcinosis

Question 13

Hyperechoic medullary pyramids…

Answer 13

Medullary Sponge Kidney

Question 14

Due to chronically failed kidneys during long term HEMODIALYSIS/DIALYSIS.
-At risk for RCC

Answer 14

Acquired Cystic Disease

Question 15

Imaging patients with Von Hippel-Lindau disease should focus on…

Answer 15

Kidneys, adrenals, pancreas

Question 16

Most common bladder neoplasm

Answer 16

TCC(transitional cell carcinoma)

Question 17

Most common sign of TCC

Answer 17

Hematuria

Question 18

Most common solid renal mass in adult

Answer 18

Renal cell carcinoma (RCC)

Question 19

Renal Cell Carcinoma AKA’s

Answer 19

• Hypernephroma

- adenocarcinoma of kidney

Question 20

When scanning patients with RCC, check for tumor extension in—

Answer 20

Renal veins and IVC

Question 21

With RCC, ____ is the most common site of metastases

Answer 21

The lungs

Question 22

Angiomyolipoma: __% involve the ___ kidney

Answer 22

80% in the RIGHT kidney

Question 23

Angiomyolipomas are typically (bilateral or unilateral) in patients with tuberous sclerosis

Answer 23

Bilateral

Question 24

Characterized by tumors and/or cysts of central nervous system

Answer 24

Von Hippel-Lindau

Question 25

Most common CHILDHOOD renal tumor

Answer 25

Wilms/nephroblastoma

Question 26

Wilms tumor is associated with:

Answer 26

Beckwith-Weidemann syndrome

Question 27

If normal renal contour is maintained, an abdominal mass is most likely: (Wilms tumor or Neuroblamsoma)

Answer 27

Neuroblastoma

Question 28

Diminished sinus echoes, loss of corticomedullary distinction may indicate

Answer 28

Acute pyelonephritis

Question 29

Focal pylonephritis is also called

Answer 29

- Acute focal bacterial nephritis | - Lobar nephronia

Question 30

More commonly occurring in DIABETICS, women, air/gas in kidney, unilateral, enlarged, hypoechoic, dirty shadowing

Answer 30

Emphysematous pyelonephritis

Question 31

Staghorn calculus

Answer 31

Xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis

Question 32

Ultrasound shows dilated collecting system with debris. Surgical drainage is required for treatment.

Answer 32

Pyonephrosis

Question 33

Renal injury due to recurrent renal infection

Answer 33

Chronic pyelonephritis

Question 34

Mycetoma—

Answer 34

Fungal ball

Question 35

Mycetoma appears:

Answer 35

Hyperechoic, nonshadowing, typically in renal pelvis

Question 36

Most common infectious cause of acute glomerulonephritis

Answer 36

Strep (Streptococcus)

Question 37

Most common area of obstruction for renal stone

Answer 37

UVJ

Question 38

A resistive index of greater than ___ is suggestive of obstructive hydronephrosis

Answer 38

>0.7

Question 39

Bilateral hydronephrosis suggests

Answer 39

Obstruction at the level of or distal to the bladder. (PUV, ureterocele)

Question 40

Megaureter measures:

Answer 40

> 7mm

Question 41

Most common cause of nephrocalcinosis in adults

Answer 41

Primary hyperparathyroidism

Question 42

Ischemia of the medullary pyramids and papillae

Answer 42

Papillary necrosis

Question 43

Bright echoes seen at the base of pyramids—

Answer 43

Papillary necrosis

Question 44

Increased sinus fat that replaces normal renal parenchyma

Answer 44

Renal sinus lipomatosis

Question 45

Increased sinus echoes with cortical thinning

Answer 45

Renal sinus lipomatosis

Question 46

Nondistended bladder wall thickness:

Answer 46

< 5 mm

Question 47

Distended bladder wall thickness:

Answer 47

< 3 mm

Question 48

Cystic structure superior and anterior to bladder

Answer 48

Urachal cyst

Question 49

Ureteroceles most commonly found in association with:

Answer 49

Complete ureteral duplication

Question 50

Renal artery/ Aorta ratio(RAR) in a stenosis:

Answer 50

>3.5

Question 51

Most common CHILDHOOD adrenal mass

Answer 51

Neuroblastoma

Question 52

Most common NEONATE adrenal mass

Answer 52

Adrenal hemorrhage

Question 53

Inflammation of the bladder

Answer 53

Cystitis

Question 54

Most common congenital anomaly of the urinary tract

Answer 54

Duplicated collecting system

Question 55

Analgesic abuse is the most common cause of what renal abnormality?

Answer 55

Papillary necrosis

Question 56

Arteries that course parallel to renal capsule. Separate the medulla from the cortex

Answer 56

Arcuate

Question 57

Arteries that course between the pyramids

Answer 57

Interlobar

Question 58

Arteries that course perpendicular to renal capsule, entering parenchyma

Answer 58

Interlobular

Question 59

Cyst that originates in parenchyma and bulges into the central sinus, doesn’t connect to collecting system

Answer 59

Parapelvic

Question 60

Cysts in the central sinus

Answer 60

Peripelvic

Question 61

Chronic/Acute pyelonephritis is more common in women or men?

Answer 61

Women