Urinary System Flashcards
(33 cards)
What vertebral level does the left kidney lies
T12-L3
Why is the right kidney at a level lower than the left kidney
Bcz of the right liver,remember it’s larger than the left one & has 3 lobes
What are the 3 main functions of the kidney
1.EXCRETION…urine
2.REGULATORY…osmoregulation
3.ENDOCRINE
What are the 3 outer layers if the kidney
Renal fascia
Adipose
Tough renal capsule
Name the parts or layers of the kidney
Cortex
Medulla—pyramids and papilla
Minor calyx
Major calyx
Renal pelvis
Ureter
Bladder
The renal cortex are separated into which 2 zones
Outer cortical zone
Inner juxtamedullary zone
What are the 3 constriction the ureter encounters from kidney to bladder
1.Ureteropelvic junction
2.As it crosses over the EXTERNAL ILIAC a. and v.
3.As it transverses the bladder
What are the 3 layers that make up the ureter
1.Transitional epithelium
2.Longitudinal smooth m.
3.Circular smooth m.
What are the layers that make up the bladder
Fibrous adventitia
Detrusor muscle
Transitional epithelium
Rugae
What is the trigone of the bladder
Consists of the 3 ureter orifices and internal urethra orifice
*sensitive to expansion
*Signals when its time to pee
In which vertebral level does the renal arteries lie
L1-L2
What does the renal arteries branch into as they supply the kidney
Segmental arteries,then
Interlobar arteries,then
Arcuate arteries,then
Interlobular/cortex radiate,then
Afferent arterioles
What’s the difference between the right and left renal veins
The left renal vein has the L.adrenal and L.gonadal vein draining into it
What arteries supply the bladder
Superior and inferior vesical arteries
What the difference in arterial blood supply to the male v female bladder
Female bladder has extra supply from the vaginal artery
What’s the venous drainage of the bladder
Vesical venous plexus emptying into the INTERNAL ILIAC VEIN—COMMON ILIAC V—IVC
What makes the renal plexus that innervates the kidneys
Sympathetic comes from the SPLANCHNIC NERVES—(T10-L1)
Parasympathetic comes from the VAGUS NERVE
What nerve innervates the external urethral spinchter,giving somatic control of urination?
PEDENDAL NERVE—-(S2-S4)
Which plexus does the sympathetic innervation of the bladder come from and which level does it lie
INFERIOR HYPOGASTRIC PLEXUS
T12-L2
Where does the parasympathetic innervation of the bladder come from and its vertebral level
PELVIC SPLANCHNIC NERVES
S2-S4
What are the 2 different types of nephrons within the kidney
Cortical nephrons—80-85%
Juxtamedullary nephrons—15-205
What’s the function of the renal corpuscle
Filtration of plasma
What 2 structures make up the renal corpuscle
1.Glomerulus
2.Bowman’s capsule
What’s the function for the renal tubule
Selective reabsorption
