Urinary System

Question 1

What is the primary function of the urinary system?

Answer 1

To remove waste products from the body and regulate water and electrolyte balance.

Question 2

True or False: The kidneys are responsible for filtering blood.

Answer 2

True

Question 3

What are the two main hormones produced by the kidneys?

Answer 3

Erythropoietin and renin.

Question 4

Fill in the blank: The functional unit of the kidney is called the ______.

Answer 4

nephron.

Question 5

What are the three main processes involved in urine formation?

Answer 5

Filtration, reabsorption, and secretion.

Question 6

Which part of the nephron is primarily responsible for filtration?

Answer 6

Glomerulus.

Question 7

Multiple Choice: Which structure transports urine from the kidneys to the bladder? A) Urethra B) Ureter C) Renal pelvis D) Nephron

Answer 7

B) Ureter

Question 8

What is the role of the bladder in the urinary system?

Answer 8

To store urine until it is ready to be excreted.

Question 9

True or False: The urethra is longer in females than in males.

Answer 9

False

Question 10

What is the name of the muscle that controls the release of urine from the bladder?

Answer 10

Detrusor muscle.

Question 11

Fill in the blank: The process of urine formation begins in the ______.

Answer 11

nephrons.

Question 12

What is the normal range of urine pH?

Answer 12

4.5 to 8.0.

Question 13

Multiple Choice: Which of the following is NOT a component of urine? A) Urea B) Glucose C) Creatinine D) Uric acid

Answer 13

B) Glucose

Question 14

What is the main waste product found in urine that is produced from protein metabolism?

Answer 14

Urea.

Question 15

True or False: The kidneys help regulate blood pressure.

Answer 15

True

Question 16

What structure in the kidney reabsorbs the majority of water and solutes?

Answer 16

Proximal convoluted tubule.

Question 17

Fill in the blank: The outer layer of the kidney is called the ______.

Answer 17

renal cortex.

Question 18

What is the path of urine from the kidneys to the outside of the body?

Answer 18

Kidneys -> Ureters -> Bladder -> Urethra.

Question 19

Multiple Choice: Which part of the nephron is responsible for the concentration of urine? A) Glomerulus B) Loop of Henle C) Distal convoluted tubule D) Collecting duct

Answer 19

B) Loop of Henle

Question 20

True or False: The renal pelvis collects urine before it enters the ureter.

Answer 20

True

Question 21

What is the role of aldosterone in the urinary system?

Answer 21

To increase sodium reabsorption and potassium secretion in the kidneys.

Question 22

Fill in the blank: Urine is typically composed of about ______% water.

Answer 22

95%.

Question 23

What is the medical term for the inability to control urination?

Answer 23

Incontinence.

Question 24

Multiple Choice: Which condition is characterized by the presence of blood in urine? A) Hematuria B) Proteinuria C) Glycosuria D) Oliguria

Answer 24

A) Hematuria

Question 25

True or False: The urinary system plays a role in acid-base balance.

Answer 25

True

Question 26

What is the average daily urine output for a healthy adult?

Answer 26

About 1 to 2 liters.

Question 27

Fill in the blank: The ______ is the functional part of the kidney responsible for urine production.

Answer 27

nephron.

Question 28

What is the primary role of the collecting duct in the nephron?

Answer 28

To concentrate urine and regulate water balance.

Question 29

Multiple Choice: Which of the following is a common symptom of a urinary tract infection (UTI)? A) Fever B) Increased thirst C) Abdominal pain D) All of the above

Answer 29

D) All of the above

Question 30

True or False: The kidneys are located in the lower abdomen.

Answer 30

False

Question 31

What is the term for the procedure that involves the removal of waste products from the blood using a machine?

Answer 31

Dialysis.

Question 32

Fill in the blank: The presence of ______ in urine can indicate diabetes mellitus.

Answer 32

glucose.