Urinary System Flashcards
(34 cards)
What are the components of the urinary system?
Paired kidneys, paired ureters, urinary bladder and urethra
What are medullary rays?
Straight tubules in the cortex, some of which are continuous with collecting tubules of the medulla; originate in cortex and project down into the medulla
What kidney cells secrete erythropoietin? Which release renin?
Interstitial fibroblasts; juxtaglomerular cells
What is the outer region of the kidney between the capsule and medulla?
Cortex
What composes the kidney capsule?
Outer layer of collagen and fibroblasts and inner layer of myofibroblasts
What is the area of kidney where vessels enter and exit the kidney
Hilum
What part of the kidney contains nephrons?
Medullary pyramids
What forms an arch around pyramids and form a border between the outer cortex and medulla?
Arcuate vessels
What is the path of urine out of the kidney?
Pyramids-> minor calyx -> major calyx-> renal pelvis-> ureter
What structures are located in the cortex portion of the lobules?
Glomerulus, proximal convoluted tubule, distal convoluted tubule, part of straight tubules
What are cortical labyrinths?
Glomeruli and convoluted tubules located between medullary rays
What is the functional unit of the kidney?
Kidney lobule
What is the structure of a kidney lobule?
A single medullary ray at the center and half of the adjacent cortical labyrinth on each side
What structures are located within the medulla of the kidney lobule?
Ascending and descending limbs of loop of Henle, papillary duct, and renal papilla
What opens into the minor calyx at the renal papilla?
Papillary duct of Bellini
What are the two types of nephrons and where can they be found? Which has longer loops of Henle?
Juxtamedullary nephrons (close to medulla) and Mid-cortical nephrons (further from medulla); Juxtamedullary nephrons have longer loops of Henle
How is the kidney medulla subdivided?
Outer medulla (consisting of an outer and inner stripe) and inner medulla
What are the components of the nephron?
Renal corpuscle, proximal convoluted tubule, proximal straight tubule, descending thin limb, ascending thin limb, macula densa, distal convoluted tubule, connecting tubule, cortical collecting duct, outer medullary collecting duct, inner medullary collecting duct
What is the point at which the ascending limb interacts with the renal corpuscle?
Macula densa
What makes Bowman’s capsule? What is the space in between the layers?
Visceral epithelium layer (w/ podocytes) and a parietal cuboidal epithelium; Bowman’s space
What is ultrafiltrate?
Initially formed urine that is filtered into bowman’s space
What are the two sides of the renal corpuscle?
The vascular pole and the urinary pole
True or False: The basal lamina of the glomerular capillaries is continuous with the basal lamina of the proximal tubule.
True
What are the projections seen on podocytes?
Pedicels
