Urinary System Flashcards
(22 cards)
Functions of the kidneys
Removes waste of metabolism
Controls fluid balance
Regulates balance of electrolytes
What are the kidneys surrounded by?
Fat! Lots of fat!
Perinephric fat
Gerota’s fascia
Paranephephic fat
What is one of the most serious problems of Vesicoureteral reflux (backing up of urine into kidneys)
Kindey infection
What is the most anterior visceral structure of the pelvis?
The bladder
As the bladder fills, where does it scend into?
Abdomen
What muscle group connect the bladder to the urethra?
The bladder neck
***What is the draining site for the ejaculatory duct of the male reproductive systen?
Urethra
Know this diagram of the blood supply to our kidneys
Overall anatomy of the urinary system diagram
What are ureters?
Ducts by which urine passes from kidney to bladder or cloaca
Wil Admir go to prom with me?
[Yes]
[No]
[Possibly]
No :(
What refers to an anaomy where the kidneys are fused and located on the same side of the midline?
Crossed fused renal ectopia
Most common renal abnormality
Ureteral duplication
Knock knock.
Who’s there?
Nobody.
Nobody who?
What does the bladder do as it distends?
Occludes its opening, stopping reflux of urine
What is a ureterocele?
Congenital abnormality found in the ureter
What is the most common type of renal calculi?
Calcium-containing calculi
Name for stones originated in the kidney but have passed into the ureter
Calculi
Most common type of kidney stones. How might they be caused?
Calcium-Oxalate Kidney Stones
Can be caused by eating too much calcium, vitamin D, some medicines, genetics and other kidney problems
What nerves and arteries innervate the kidneys and ureters?
Renal plexus which runs with the renal artery
Why do kidney stones cause significant back pain?
Because primary sensation to the ureters is provided by nerves from T12-L2
Here’s a quick summary of how bladder is innervated. Don’t worry about memorizing
Central control of bladder function begins in the locus coeruleus of the pons, which is responsible for a reflex pathway that synchronizes bladder contraction with internal urethral sphincter relaxation during voiding. With appropriate training, cortical signals can voluntarily suppress this reflex. Infants who have not yet acquired this control have an uninhibited pontine reflex. Thus, the detrusor muscle contracts and the internal sphincter relaxes when a critical urine capacity is reached.
