Urinary System Structure - Checked and Complete Flashcards
Define the kidney capsule histologically
Dense Irregular Connective Tissue
Define renal column
Space of renal tissue between renal pyramids
What gives the basement membrane its negative charge?
GAGs
What type of collagen is important in the GBM (glomerular basement membrane)?
Type 4 collagen
Describe mesangial cells of nephron
Found inside and outside of the glomerulus
endocytose immune complexes and plasma proteins
**secrete growth factors, interleukins and prostaglandins **
Play a role in glomerular inflammation
Classify visceral glomerular epithelium histologically
SImple Squamous Epithelium with Podocytes
Classify the proximal convoluted tubule histologically
Simple cuboidal epithelial cells
(many mitochondria for extensive ion transport, apical microvilli, folding on basal membrane)
What is primarily reabsorbed in the PCT?
Primary site of reabsorption of sodium, glucose, amino acids, bicarbonate
Describe 3 portions of the loop of Henle
Thick Descending
** Thin Descending and Ascending**
** Thick Ascending**
Define the Loop of Henle histologically
Thick descending/ascending = simple cuboidal epithelium with less specialization than PCT
Thin part = simple squamous
Define the distal covoluted tubule histologically
Simple cuboidal epithelium
Describe main molecules transported in DCT
** Sodium, bicarbonate and ammonium**
Which type of nephrons have the longest loops of Henle?
Juxtamedullary Nephrons
Define distal collecting ducts histologically
Simple Cuboidal Epithelium
(turn into columnar near end)
with small microvilli and a primary cilium specialization
What is a primary function of the collecting duct?
Regulate blood/urine pH
