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Flashcards in Urinary tract infection Deck (11)
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1
Q

What is the difference between a complicated/uncomplicated UTI?

A

Complicated = functionally/structurally abnormal urinary tract

2
Q

Why are UTIs more common in women than men?

A

Shorter urethras

3
Q

Describe the aetiology of UTIs

A

Contamination of the urethral meatus, eg from the rectum.
Bacteria have features to enable adhesion to mucosal/urothelial cells (eg proteus fimbriae, klebsiella k antigen)

Urinary catheters

4
Q

Which organism is the most common cause of UTI?

A

E coli

5
Q

Other than E coli, list 3 organisms that frequently cause lower UTIs

A

Proteus
Klebsiella
Staph saprophyticus

6
Q

How do UTIs commonly present?

A

Frequency
Dysuria
Abdo/flank pain

7
Q

How do UTIs present in the very young?

A

Non-specific eg fever, malaise

8
Q

How do UTIs present in the very old?

A

Asymptomatic - can be incidental finding

9
Q

How are UTIs diagnosed?

A

Clinically - symptoms/demographic
Dipstick (nitrite, leucocytes +ve)
MSU - M,C&S (microscopy, culture & sensitivities)

10
Q

What is the usual empirical treatment for UTI?

A

Trimethoprim
OR
Nitrofurantoin

(But increasing resistance)

11
Q

What is the treatment if a UTI has progressed to the kidneys (pyelonephritis)?

A

Broad spectrum IV antibiotics eg co-amoxiclav +/- gent
OR
cefuroxime +/- gent