Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Therapeutics > Urinary Tract Infections > Flashcards

Urinary Tract Infections Flashcards

(65 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

Lower UTI

A

Cystitis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Upper UTI

A

Pyelonephritis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Uncomplicated

A

Non-pregnant females with no structural abnormalities

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Complicated

A

Males
Pregnant patients
Obstructions or Kidney Stones
Congenital abnormalities
Indwelling Catheters
Prostatic hypertrophy
Neurologic deficit

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Etiology

A

Gram Positive: staphylococcus saprophyticus; Enterococcus faecalis
Gram Negative: E coli (80-90% of patients!); Pseudomonas aeruginosa; Proteus mirabilis; Klebsiella spp

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Bacteriuria

A

Bacteria in the urine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Pyuria

A

Increased WBC in the urine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Urinary Tract Infection

A

Presence of microorganisms in the urinary tract not due to contamination producing symptoms and with the potential to invade the tissues

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Clinical Presentation - Cystitis

A

Dysuria
Frequency
Urgency
Suprapubic pain
Hematuria
Nocturia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Clinical Presentation - Pyelonephritis

A

Fever
Chills
Nausea/Vomiting
Suprapubic pain
Hematuria
Flank Pain
Costovertebral angle tenderness (CVA)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Goals of Therapy

A

Symptom Resolution
Prevent or treat systemic consequences
Eradicate invading organisms
Prevent recurrence
Minimize consequences associated with therapy
Limit collateral damage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

First Line Uncomplicated Cystitis

A

Nitrofurantion
Trimethoprim/Sulfamethoxazole
Fosfomycin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Nitrofurantoin Dosing (uncomplicated)

A

100 mg PO BID for 5 days

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Nitrofurantoin Adverse Reactions

A

urine discoloration
pulmonary toxicity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Trimethoprim/Sulfamethoxazole dosing (uncomplicated)

A

160/800 mg PO BID for 3 days

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Trimethoprim/Sulfamethoxazole Adverse Reactions

A

photosensitivity
crystalluria
Rashes (SJS)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Nitrofurantoin Considerations

A

Discouraged use CrCl 60 mL/min but can be safe down to CrCl 30 mL/min

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Trimethoprim/Sulfamethoxazole Considerations

A

There is an increase of resistance

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Fosfomycin Dosing

A

3g PO for one dose

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Fosfomycin Considerations

A

1 dose!

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Uncomplicated second line therapy

A

Fluroquinolones- ORAL (ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin)
Beta-Lactams ORAL (amox/clav; cefaclor; cefpodoxime)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Fluroquinolones Uncomplicated Durations

A

3 days

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Fluroquinolones Uncomplicated Considerations

A

Increased resistance

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Beta-Lactams Uncomplicated Durations

A

3-7 days

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Beta-Lactams Considerations
Decreased efficacy for shorter durations - 5-7 days are more effective than 3 day treatments
26
Uncomplicated Durations
Nitrofurantoin: 5 days Trimethoprim/Sulfamethoxazole: 3 days Fosfomycin: 1 day Fluoroquinolones: 3 days Beta-Lactams: 5-7 days
27
Male Urinary Tract Treatments
Nitrofurantoin Sulfamethoxazole/Trimethoprim Fosfomycin
28
Male urinary tract nitrofurantoin dosing
100 mg po BID for 7 days
29
Male urinary tract nitrofurantoin duration
7 days
30
Male urinary tract trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole dosing
160/800 mg PO BID for 7 days
31
Male urinary tract trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole duration
7 days
32
Male urinary tract Fosfomycin dosing
3 g PO every other day for 3 doses
33
Male urinary tract Fosfomycin duration
every other day for 3 days
34
Non-obstructing renal stone Treatments
Fluoroquinolones Trimethoprim/Sulfamethoxazole Beta-lactams Other susceptible agents
35
Non-obstructing renal stone Fluoroquinolone duration
7 days
36
Non-obstructing renal stone trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole duration
14 days
37
Non-obstructing renal stone beta-lactams duration
14 days
38
Non-obstructing renal stone other agents duration
usually 14 days
39
Urinary retention or Neurogenic bladder treatment
Any susceptible agent
40
Mechanical impairment to urinary flow treatment
Any susceptible agent
41
Urinary retention or Neurogenic bladder treatment duration
7 days
42
Mechanical impairment to urinary flow treatment duration
7 days
43
Catheter-associated UTI treatment options
Remove or change cathether Bacteriuria treatment
44
Catheter-associated UTI treatment duration with ABX
7 days; may be up to 10-14 days
45
UTI during pregnancy
Treat bacteriuria WITH or WITHOUT symptoms
46
Pregnancy treatment options
Amoxicillin Amox/Clav Cephalexin Nitrofurantoin (NOT close to delivery)
47
Drugs to AVOID in pregnancy
Tetracyclines Trimethoprim/Sulfamethoxazole Fluoroquinolones
48
Pregnancy Treatment duration
7 days
49
Treatment options in children
Amox/Clav (PO) Trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (PO) Second or third generation cephalosporin (PO or IV) Ampicillin/Sulbactam (IV) Aminoglycosides (IV)
50
Treatment duration in children
7-14 days
51
Pyelonephritis inpatient treatments
Ceftriaxone Gentamicin Levofloxacin Ciprofloxacin Ertapenem
52
Pyelonephritis dosing: ceftriaxone
1 g IV daily
53
Pyelonephritis dosing: gentamicin
5-7 mg/kg IV daily
54
Pyelonephritis dosing: levofloxacin
750 mg IV daily
55
Pyelonephritis dosing: Ciprofloxacin
400 mg IV every 8-12 hours
56
Pyelonephritis dosing: Ertapanem
1 g IV daily
57
Pyelonephritis Outpatient Treatment
Fluoroquinolones (PO) Ceftriaxone IV then Fluoroquinolone PO Ceftriaxone IV then Trimethoprim/Sulfamethoxazole PO Aminoglycoside IV then Fluoroquinolone PO Aminoglycoside IV then Trimethoprim/Sulfamethoxazole PO
58
Prostatitis
Inflammation of prostate gland and surrounding tissue
59
Clinical presentation of prostatitis
High fever Chills and malaise Localized pain Increased urinary frequency, urgency, and retention
60
Prostatitis acute treatment
Trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole Cephalosporin Fluoroquinolones Beta-lactam/inhibitor combinationP
61
Prostatitis acute treatment duration
4 weeks
62
Prostatitis chronic treatment
Trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole Fluoroquinolones
63
Prostatitis chronic treatment duration
4-6 weeks; may be up to 12 weeks
64
ONLY treat asymptomatic bacteriuria in....
Pregnant patients Children
65
Recurrent management
Less than 3 episodes a year: treat each episode separately More than 3 episodes a year: treat each episode and consider prophylaxis treatment

Therapeutics (10 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions