Urinary Tract Infections Flashcards
(23 cards)
how does an adult UTI present
dysuria, frequency & urgency with greater than 100 organisms/mL by semiquantitiative urine culture in adult woman
how does a pediatric UTI present?
tenderness in lower abdomen with inadequate urine flow and greater than 50,000 IUs/mL
enterobacteriaceae are what gram stain and shape
gram - rod
besides the enterobacteriace, what other 2 groups of organisms cause UTIs
- Klebsiella/enterobacter/serratia
- proteus/providencia/morganella
what is the major virulence factor of E coli and how does it work?
factor P fimbrae to attach to uroepithelial cells and work their way up track
what group causes struvite stones?
proteus/providencia/morganella
how is the proteus/providencia/morganella able to cause struvite stones?
because of their virulence factor: urease
enterococci are gram what?
gram positive
what is cystitis and how do you treat?
uncomplicated UTI
treat with ampicillin
what is polynephritis and how do you treat?
kidney infection
3rd generation or combined drugs and antibiotic sensitivity testing
For E.coli what are the following:
lactose fermenter?
indole positive/negative?
H2S positive/negative?
lactose fermenter
indole positive
H2S negative
how does e. coli acquire virulence factors
on plasmids
A woman you treated for an e.coli UTI a few months ago is back with the same symptoms.. why did your treatment fail?
it didn’t!!! this is NOT a latency infection NOR a treatment failure it is simply a re-infection
for klebsiella describe the following
motile?
capsule?
H2S positive or negative
nonmotile
encapsulated
H2S negative
what is the function of the polysaccaride capsule in K. pneumonia?
defends against phagocytosis, complement; adhesins bind gut and siderophores chelate iron
heroin addict with endocarditis or osteomyelitis
what is the gram - rod that is causing their infection?
S. marcenscens
what organism
“forms red pigmented colonies”
S. marcenscens
what organism
“mucoid apperance”
K. pneumonia
what group of organisms
“ produce phenyalanine deaminase and urease”
protues/providencia/morganella group
can proteus produce H2S?
yes
what is the function of the urease production in the protues/providencia/morganella group
raises bladder pH and leads to stones which can injury and harbor more bacteria
what in the history can be specific for the protues/providencia/morganella group? (has to do with a recent treatment)
recent B-lactam Ab therapy
what group
“gram + cocci in chains, grows in high salt but resistant to penicillin”
enterococcus spp
