Urine Flashcards
(9 cards)
1
Q
Describe the pH of urine
A
typically 6.0 but can range from 4.5-8.2
2
Q
Describe the volume of urine
A
~ 1-2L per day
3
Q
Describe the color of urine
A
varies from colorless to deep amber depending on hydration
4
Q
Describe the clarity of urine
A
normally clear but can turn cloudy due to bacterial growth
5
Q
Describe the bacterial count of urine
A
fresh urine should have a low bacterial count
6
Q
What shouldn’t be found in urine in high amounts or at all? What causes them to be released?
A
- glucose: diabetes mellitus
- blood: kidney damage, infection, stones, or trauma
- proteins: kidney damage, glomeruluar disease, or strenuous exercise
- ketones: starvation, uncontrolled diabetes or a high-fat diet
- bile pigments: liver disease or obsutrction of the bile ducts
7
Q
What is urinalysis and why is it useful?
A
- examination of the physical and chemical properties of urine
- provides information about metabolic disorders, infections, overall health, and kidney damage, infection, or disease
8
Q
Why is creatine clearance useful?
A
- used to estimate GFR
- assesses kidney damage
- monitors kidney disease
9
Q
Why is blood urea nitrogen (BUN) useful?
A
- assesses renal insufficiency or kidney damage
- detects dehydration
- tracks effectiveness of treatment for kidney disease
