Urine and Gastrointestinal Cultures Flashcards
(52 cards)
List organisms commonly isolated from urinary tract infections
Enterococcus, Strep agalactiae, E. coli, Strep progenies, Staph aureus, Staph Saprophyticus, Candida
If you are using a 0.001 ml loop, each colony on the urine culture represents how many colony forming units in the urine?
1000 col/ml
If you are using a 0.01 ml loop, each colony on the urine culture represents how many colony forming units in the urine?
100 col/ml
When three or more organisms are each > 100,000 col/ml, what should you suspect?
Contamination and long term sitting out at room temp
Generally, if there are three or more colony types each less than 10,000 col/ml, what is the most likely way you will interpret the results?
Probably contaminants
Generally, if there is one colony type between 10,000-50,000 col/ml, what is the most likely way it will be interpreted if it came from a general practitioner clinic: if it came from a hospital patient: if it came from a urology clinic?
General clinic: likely no treatment-thinking contaminant
Hospital patient: likely no treatment-thinking contaminant
Urology clinic: depending on diagnosis
Generally, if there is one colony types between 50,000-100,000 col/ml, what is the most likely way it will be interpreted if it came from a general practitioner clinic: if it came from a hospital patient: if it came from a urology clinic?
General clinic: probable treatment depending on symptoms, WBCs, etc.
Hospital patient: treatment likely
Urology clinic: treatment likely
Generally, if there is one colony types >100,000 col/ml, what is the most likely way it will be interpreted if it came from a general practitioner clinic: if it came from a hospital patient: if it came from a urology clinic?
General clinic: treatment
Hospital patient: treatment
Urology clinic: treatment
List some reasons why a low count of 10,000 col/ml may be significant:
Chronic condition, unique diagnostic problems, immunocompromised patient
How is a clean catch midstream urine specimen collected?
Patient cleanses area, begins voiding in toilet for discard, and then collects rest of specimen.
Explain the pathogenicity of Staph saprophyticus in urine cultures:
Problem with infertility in child bearing aged women, UTI
How do you identify Staph saprophyticus in a urine culture?
Catalase pos, coagulase neg, C biochem or novobiocin resistant.
If an infection is located in the renal parenchyma it is called:
Pyelonephritits
If an infection is located in the bladder it is called:
Cystitis
What is pyuria?
WBCs in urine
Describe the most effective means of preserving a specimen for bacterial culture:
Refrigeration, Sodium borate
According to CLSI what is the group of antibiotics used in treatment of UTI?
Group U
Describe terms and abbreviations often used in urinary tract disease:
UTI, U-UTI, L-UTI, Bacteruria, Pyelonephritis, Glomerulonephritis
Proper specimen collection for a catheter.
Insert the needle gently into catheter at a 45 degree angle, twist on a sterile syringe to the port and slowly withdraw 20-30 mL of urine. Remove needle from catheter and push urine into sterile specimen container
Proper specimen collection from supra pubic aspiration
Involves putting a needle through the skin just above the pubic bone into the bladder
After antibiotic treatment, a single anaerobic organism may appear in the GI tract as the main growth and cause significant problems. What is this anaerobe? How do we screen for its presence?
Clostridium difficile, C serological screen
If a fresh stool specimen cannot be plated within 1-2 hours how should it be handled?
The stool should be placed in a transport medium such as Cary-Blair for bacteria investigation and other transport media if looking for virus or parasites
Identify the reactions on the following media that suggest either Salmonella or Shigella are present:
Salmonella
XLD HE Te7 TSI LIA Urea
XLD: H₂S (black) Red HE: H₂S (black) Green Te7: Red TSI: K/A H₂S+ LIA: K/A H₂S+ Urea: Neg
Identify the reactions on the following media that suggest either Salmonella or Shigella are present:
Shigella
XLD HE Te7 TSI LIA Urea
XLD: Red/Clear HE: Green Te7: Red TSI: K/A LIA: K/A Urea: Neg
