URIs

Question 1

Rhinovirus

Virulence Factors

Pathology

Presentation

Answer 1

VF: binds ICAM-1 on upper resp tract epithelial cells

Path: intracellular replication, increased ICAM-1 expression in adjacent cells

Presentation: common cold

Question 2

Parainfluenza Virus

Virulence Factors

Pathology

Presentation

Answer 2

VF: viral fusion (F) surface proteins

⇒ formation of multinucleate giant cells

Path: viral hemaglutinin (HA) binds envelope protein with sialic acid on cell surfaces

⇒ endocytosis

viral neurominidase envelope cleaves HA bound to sialic acid

⇒ permits viral spread

can move down respiratory tract

Presentation: croup, pneumonia

Question 3

Coronavirus

Virulence Factors

Pathology

Presentation

Answer 3

VF: none identified

Path: same as rhino

Presentation: common cold, SARS (severe acute respiratory syndrome)

Question 4

Influenza C

Virulence Factors

Pathology

Presentation

Answer 4

VF: ?

Path: viral hemagglutinin (HA) envelope binds sialic acid on cell surfaces

⇒ endocytosis

viral neurominidase protein claves HA bound to sialic acid

⇒ viral spread

Question 5

Most common bugs in sinusitis

Answer 5

S. pneumoniae

Hib

Question 6

S. pneumoniae

classification

Answer 6

Gram +

diplococci

catalase -

α-hemolytic

Question 7

H. influenzae b

classification

Answer 7

Gram -

coccobacilli

grows on chocolate agar

(Factor V and X)

Question 8

Causes SARS

Answer 8

coronavirus

Class IV

enveloped

Question 9

Bacterial pharyngitis causes

Answer 9

S. pyogenes

C. diphtheriae

Question 10

S. pyogenes

classification

Answer 10

Gram +

cocci

Catalase -

β-hemolytic

bacitracin sensitive

Question 11

C. diptheriae

classification

Answer 11

Gram +

ROD

non-motile

non-spore forming

Question 12

C. diphtheriae

viruluence factors

Answer 12

exotoxins A and B

B: bind

A: attack

Question 13

S. pyogenes

virulence factors

Answer 13

M-protein: avoids phagocytosis

lipotechoic acid

F-protein: attach and adhere

Question 14

Croup

common causes

Answer 14

parainfluenza

RSV

Question 15

Parainfluenza

classification

Answer 15

Class V

paramyxoviridae

enveloped

Question 16

RSV classification

Answer 16

Class V

paramyxoviridae

Question 17

Croup causes viruses

classes

Answer 17

Class V

RSV

Parainfluenza

Influenza

Question 18

Group V virus

enveloped or not?

Answer 18

enveloped

Question 19

All other URI virus

+

exception

Answer 19

Class IV

except

adenovirus (Class I)

Question 20

Class I virus

Answer 20

adenovirus

Question 21

Adeno

enveloped or not?

Answer 21

non-enveloped

Question 22

Class IV enveloped or not?

Answer 22

all enveloped

except rhinovirus

Question 23

Tx of bacterial pharyngitis

Answer 23

penicillin or erythromycin

+ antitoxin for diptheria

Question 24

Sinusitis

Quellung +

Answer 24

S. pneumoniae