Urolithiasis Renal Calculi

Question 0

What are nephrolithiasis?

Answer 0

Stones formed in renal parenchyma

Question 1

What is urolithiasis?

Answer 1

Presence of stones in urinary tract

Question 2

What is ureterolithiasis?

Answer 2

Formation of stones in ureter

Question 3

Primary factor of urolithiasis

Answer 3

Super saturation of filtrate with particular element

Question 4

Predisposing factors of stones

Answer 4

Hereditary,UTI,foley Cath, immobility, dehydration, ph of urine, hyperparathyroidism, gout, excessive Vit D

Question 5

Incidence is most often in

Answer 5

Young males

Question 6

2/3 super concentration of calcium and oxlate

Answer 6

Calcium oxlate

Question 7

Super concentration of calcium or phosphate

Answer 7

Calcium phosphate

Question 8

Struvite

Answer 8

In renal pelvis can become huge

Question 9

Stag horn

Answer 9

Takes up whole pelvis

Question 10

Cystine

Answer 10

Heredity

Question 11

Emergency treatment of urolithiasis

Answer 11

Iv dilaudid or morphine
Iv fluids
Ditropan/probanthine

Question 12

What does ditropan/probanthine do?

Answer 12

Depresses smooth muscle of ureter

Question 13

Primary prevention of urolithiasis

Answer 13

Avoid immobility

Avoid fluid depleted states

Question 14

Secondary prevention of urolithiasis

Answer 14

Fluid intake of approx 3000-4000 cc day

Dietary modifications

Question 15

Pain for renal calculi appears

Answer 15

Renal colic flank pain radiating to abdomen scrotum and perineum

Question 16

Manifestations of renal calculi

Answer 16

Pain
Hematuria
Urine output
Urgency / frequency
Pyuria

Question 17

Diagnosis of renal calculi

Answer 17

Lab findings
X ray
Kub
Ivp
Renal ultrasound
Spiral ct scan

Question 18

Non surgical interventions

Answer 18

Strain all urine
Force fluids/Iv
Walk
Narcotics
Spasmolytic agents
Vitals
Back rub

Question 19

90% stones passed

Answer 19

Spontaneously

Question 20

What medication is an antispasmodic

Answer 20

Ditropan

Question 21

Surgical management of stones

Answer 21

Cystoscopy
Percutsneous nephronscopy
Percutsneous ultrasonic lithotripsy

Question 22

Acid ash diet is for?

Answer 22

CA phosphate and sturvite stones

Question 23

Acid ash diet increases

Answer 23

Acidity of urine

Question 24

Increase intake of _________________ in acid ash diet

Answer 24

``` Eggs Meat Poultry Cereals Cranberries/juice Prunes Grapes Asparagus Tomatoes Corn ```

Question 25

What diet is for Uric acid and cystine stone?

Answer 25

Alkaline ash diet

Question 26

In alkaline diet increase intake of?

Answer 26

Milk Rhubarbs Veggies Tomatoes and fruit

Question 27

What diet is for ca oxlate and ca phosphate stones?

Answer 27

Low calcium diet and phosphate

Question 28

A low calcium diet is dangerous in?

Answer 28

Females