Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Internal Med EOR > Urology 3 > Flashcards

Urology 3 Flashcards

1
Q

acute glomerulonephritis is characterized by

A

HTN
hematuria (RBC casts)
azotemia (increased BUN and creatinine)
proteinuria (edema)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

causes of acute glomerulonephritis

A

IgA nephropathy (Berger’s disease)
post-infectious glomerulonephritis
membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis
rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis - good pasture’s disease, microscopic polyangiitis, granulomatosis w polyangiitis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

sx acute glomerulonephritis

A

hematuria hallmark - cola or tea-colored urine

edema - peripheral or periorbital

fever, abdominal or flank pain, myalgia, oliguria (decreased output)

HTN!!!

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

dx glomerulonephritis

whatis the standard for dx

A

UA - hematuria, RBC casts, dysmorphic RBCs (acanthocytes), proteinuria usually < 3 mg/day but can be in the nephrotic range, high specific gravity (> 1.020 osm)

increased BUN and creatinine
hyperkalemia

serology for hep c and hep c and HIV

LFTs

CRP

renal biopsy - standard, not needed in most cases

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

what is the MC cause of acute glomerulonephritis in the US

A

IgA nephropathy - Berger’s disease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

sx IgA nephropathy / Berger’s disease

A

gross or microscopic hematuria within days after URI or GI infection

often accompanied by HTN

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

biopsy for IgA nephropathy/ Berger’s disease

A

IgA mesangial deposits

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

tx IgA nephropathy/Berger’s disease

A

ACE inhibitors

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

epidemiology post-infectious glomerulonephritis

A

can occur after any infection most MC 1-3 weeks after streptococcal pharyngitis or 2-6 weeks after skin infection (impetigo)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

labs post-infectious GMN

A

low serum complement C3
recent GAS infection

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

biopsy post-infectious GMN

A

enlarged hypercellular glomerulo w neutrophil infiltration

deposition of IgG, IgM, C3
glomerular dome-shaped sub epithelial immune-complex deposits (humps) of IgG, IgM, C3

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

tx post-infectious GMN

A

supportive; diuretics for fluid overload
abx if active infection

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

etiology membranoproliferative GMN

A

associated w viral hepatitis, autoimmune dz (SLE)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

biopsy membranoproliferative GMN

A

thickened basement membrane

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

biopsy lupus nephritis

A

wire looping appearance of capillaries and granular appearance

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

tx lupus nephritis

A

glucocorticoids + either mycophenolate or cyclophosphamide

17
Q

anti-glomerular basement membrane disease is also known as

A

good pasture’s syndrome

18
Q

anti-glomerular basement membrane disease/ good pastures disease is characterized by

A

glomerulonephritis and hemoptysis

19
Q

biopsy anti-glomerular basement membrane disease/good pastures disease

A

linear IgG deposits

20
Q

tx anti-glomerular basement membrane disease/goodpastures disease

A

glucocorticoids + cyclophosphamide + plasmapheresis

21
Q

granulomatosis with polyangiitis is also known as

A

wegener’s

22
Q

granulomatosis with polyangiitis/wegener’s is characterized by

A

small-sized artery vasculitis associated w positive C-ANCA

23
Q

granulomatosis with polyangiitis/wegener’s sx

A

triad of upper respiratory tract infection (sinusitis, saddle nose deformity, otitis media, bloody nose) + lower tract involvement (cough, dyspnea, wheezing) + nephritis (hematuria, proteinuria)

cutaneous involvement (purpura) + neurologic involvement (neuropathy or arthritis)

24
Q

tx granulomatosis with polyangiitis/wegener’s

A

organ or life threatening - glucocorticoids plus either rituximab or cyclophosphamide

25
Q

microscopic polyangiitis is characterized by

A

small sized artery vasculitis with positive P-ANCA

26
Q

rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis biopsy

A

crescent formation

27
Q

renal histology microscopic polyangiitis vs granulomttosis w polyangiitis

A

microscopic polyangiitis - focal necrotizing often crescentic, pauci-immune glomerulonephritis and small vessel vasculitis without granulomas (unlike granulomas seen in granulomatosis with polyangiitis)

28
Q

where is renal cell carcinoma located

A

tumor of the proximal convoluted renal tubule cells

29
Q

MC tumor originating in the kidney

A

clear cell renal cell carcinoma

30
Q

RF renal cell carcinoma

A

smoking
HTN
obesity
men
dialysis

31
Q

sx renal cell carcinoma

A

classic triad of hematuria, flank pain or abdominal pain, palpable abdominal or flank mass

left sided varicocele
METS - cannon ball mets to the lungs

32
Q

dx renal cell carcinoma

A

CT scan

33
Q

tx renal cell carcinoma

A

radical nephrectomy

34
Q

what is the most common abdominal mass in kids

A

nephroblastoma (wilms tumor)

35
Q

risk factors nephroblastoma/wilms

A

GU abnormalities (cryptorchidism, hypospadias, horseshoe kidney)

WAGR - wilms tumor, aniridia, genitourinary malformations, mental Retardation

36
Q

sx nephroblastoma/wilms

A

palpable abdominal mass MC
hematuria
constipation

37
Q

dx nephroblastoma/wilms

A

abdominal US

38
Q

tx nephroblastoma

A

total nephrectomy followed by chemo

39
Q
A

Internal Med EOR (17 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions