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US 101 > US 101 P2 > Flashcards

US 101 P2 Flashcards

1
Q

____ believed that people create patterns of behaviors to protect their sense of ____ against _____

What is this?

A

Adler
Self-esteem
Public disgrace

Safeguarding tendencies

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2
Q

Safeguarding tendencies include

A

Aggression
Excuses
Withdrawal

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3
Q

Most common safeguarding tendency expressed in the “yes but”, or “if only” format

A

Excuses

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4
Q

Protect a weak but artificially inflated sense of self-worth and deceive people into believing that they are more superior than they really are

A

Excuses

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5
Q

Use to safeguard a person’s exaggerated superiority complex, protecting their fragile self-esteem

A

Aggression

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6
Q

The tendency to undervalue other people’s achievements and to overvalue one’s own

A

Depreciation

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7
Q

The tendency to blame others for one’s failure and to seek revenge thereby safeguarding one’s own self-esteem causing the people around them to suffer more than they do

A

Accusation

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8
Q

Marked by self-torture and guilt

A

Self-accusation

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9
Q

Some people use ___ like ___ as means to hurt people who are close to them

A

Self-accusation
Self torture
Masochism and Suicide

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10
Q

Setting up a distance between themselves and their problems

A

Withdrawal

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11
Q

Four other forms of safeguarding through withdrawal

A

Moving backward
Standing still
Hesitating
Constructing obstacles

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12
Q

Psychological reverting to a more secure period of life similar to Freud’s ____

A

Moving backward
Regression

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13
Q

People do not move in any direction thus they avoid responsibilities

A

Standing still

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14
Q

People vacillate when faced with difficult problems

A

Hesitating

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15
Q

Their procrastinations give them the excuse “it’s too late now”. ____ behaviors are attempts to waste time

A

Hesitating
Compulsive behaviors

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16
Q

By overcoming obstacles, they protect their self-esteem and their prestige

A

Constructing obstacles

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17
Q

The pyramid of needs by ____

Parts

A

Maslow

Physiological
Security
Love/belonging
Esteem
Self-actualization

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18
Q

Was a humanistic psychologist who agreed with the main assumption of Maslow, but added that for a person to “___”, they need an environment that provides them with ___

A

Carl Rogers
Grow
Genuineness
Acceptance
Empathy

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19
Q

Openness and self-disclosure

A

Genuineness

20
Q

Being seen with unconditional positive regard

A

Acceptance

21
Q

Being listened to and understood

A

Empathy

22
Q

Is an attitude of acceptance of others despite their failings

A

Unconditional positive regard

23
Q

The conditions a person must meet in order to regard himself or herself positively

A

Conditions of worth

24
Q

The view you have of your self

A

Self image

25
Q

How much value you place on yourself

A

Self-esteem or self-worth

26
Q

What you wish you were really like

A

Ideal self

27
Q

Explain Roger’s view of self concept
Congruent and incongruent

A

Self image vs ideal self

28
Q

___’s iceberg theory similar with Freud’s

A

Conscious/ego
Personal unconscious
Collective unconscious

29
Q

The 4 Jungian archetypes

A

Shadow
Anima/animus
Self
Persona

30
Q

Derived from the latin word meaning “mask”

A

Persona

31
Q

The different social masks worn in different situations

A

Persona

32
Q

Form of protection

A

Persona

33
Q

Means feminine

A

Anima

34
Q

Means masculine

A

Animus

35
Q

Dark side of the psyche; represents wildness, chaos, weaknesses

A

Shadow

36
Q

Contains all aspects of an individual

A

Self

37
Q

Are “outward-turning” and tend to be action-oriented, enjoy more frequent social interactions, and feel energized after spending time with people

A

Extraverts

Jung

38
Q

Are “inward-turning” and tend to be thought-oriented, enjoy deep and meaningful social interactions, and feel recharged after spending some time alone

A

Introverts

39
Q

The theory that human or animal psychology can be objectively studied through observable actions

A

Behaviorism

40
Q

Behaviorism is by who

A

B. F. Skinner

41
Q

___ emphasizes the role of environmental factors in influencing behavior, to the near exclusion of innate or inherited factors. This amounts essentially to a ____

A

Behaviorism
Focus on learning

42
Q

Is to make the desired behavior more likely to happen, continue or strengthen in the future

A

Reinforcement

43
Q

Adding a pleasant factor to increase a behavior

A

Positive reinforcement

44
Q

Removing an aversive factor to increase behavior

A

Negative reinforcement

45
Q

Is to make an undesired behavior less likely to happen, continue or strengthen in the future

A

Punishment

46
Q

Adding an aversive factor to decrease a behavior

A

Positive punishment

47
Q

Removing a pleasant factor to decrease a behavior

A

Negative punishment

US 101 (9 decks)

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