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US Containment Flashcards

(55 cards)

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1
Q

Who ruled Korea until 1945?

A

Japan

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2
Q

Which country liberated North Korea after World War II?

A

Soviet Union

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3
Q

Who was the communist dictator of North Korea?

A

Kim Il-Sung

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4
Q

Who led the anti-communist government in South Korea?

A

Syngman Rhee

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5
Q

What was the initial US response to the Korean War?

A

To contain communism

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6
Q

What did Truman believe about the spread of communism in Korea?

A

It could spread quickly if the US did nothing

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7
Q

What was resolution 84 related to?

A

Condemning North Korea and calling for troop removal

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8
Q

When did UN troops land in Inchon?

A

September 1950

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9
Q

Who led the UN forces in Korea?

A

General MacArthur

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10
Q

What was the result of the UN forces pushing north?

A

They reached the Yalu river and border with China

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11
Q

What significant event occurred in November 1950?

A

200,000 Chinese troops joined North Korean forces

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12
Q

What was MacArthur’s stance regarding China?

A

He wanted to invade China and use nuclear weapons

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13
Q

What was Truman’s main objective in the Korean War?

A

To remove communists from South Korea

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14
Q

When did peace talks for the Korean War begin?

A

June 1951

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15
Q

What was a significant consequence of the Korean War for the US?

A

It demonstrated the US’s will to contain communism

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16
Q

What alliances did the US create to combat communism post-Korean War?

A
  • CEATO in Central Asia and the Middle East
  • SEATO in South-East Asia
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17
Q

What pact did the USSR form in response to US actions?

A

Warsaw Pact

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18
Q

What was MAD in the context of the arms race?

A

Mutually Assured Destruction

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19
Q

What was the significance of the Cuban Revolution?

A

Castro overthrew Batista and established a communist government

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20
Q

What was the Bay of Pigs?

A

A failed invasion of Cuba by US-backed exiles in April 1961

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21
Q

What did Kennedy do in response to the Cuban Missile Crisis?

A

Announced a blockade of Cuba

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22
Q

Why did the Soviet Union want missiles in Cuba?

A
  • To bargain with the US
  • To test the US
  • To trap the US
  • To defend Cuba
  • To strengthen Khrushchev’s position
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23
Q

What were the outcomes of the Cuban Missile Crisis for Kennedy?

Study These Flashcards
A
  • Improved reputation
  • Removed missiles from Turkey
  • Accepted that Cuba would remain communist
24
Q

What was the Tonkin Gulf Resolution?

Study These Flashcards
A

It allowed LBJ to take necessary measures to prevent further aggression

25
What operation began in February 1965?
Operation Rolling Thunder
26
What was a significant error of the US in Vietnam?
Believing their weapons were far superior to the Viet Cong
27
What did the Viet Cong use to support their guerilla warfare?
The Ho Chi Minh Trail
28
What did the Tonkin Gulf Resolution allow LBJ to do?
Take all necessary measures to prevent further aggression and achieve peace and security. ## Footnote The Tonkin Gulf Resolution was a response to the Gulf of Tonkin incident and significantly escalated US involvement in Vietnam.
29
What operation began in February 1965 aimed at bombing North Vietnamese cities?
Operation Rolling Thunder. ## Footnote This operation was intended to disrupt Viet Cong supply chains.
30
On what date did 3,500 Marines land in Da Nang?
8th March 1965.
31
What did the US believe about their weapons compared to the Viet Cong?
Their weapons were far superior to the Viet Cong.
32
What was a major difficulty faced by the US in the Vietnam War?
Fighting guerilla warfare effectively. ## Footnote The US underestimated the Viet Cong's tactics and needed more resources to combat them.
33
What tactic did the Viet Cong use in warfare?
Guerilla Warfare. ## Footnote This involved avoiding main battles and operating in small groups without uniforms.
34
What was one of the US tactics used during the Vietnam War?
Bombing, particularly through Operation Rolling Thunder.
35
What was the impact of the US bombing on civilians during the Vietnam War?
Killed 27,000 civilians who were against them. ## Footnote Many of these civilians worked for the South Vietnamese government.
36
What was the purpose of the 'Search and Destroy' missions?
Raids on villages to kill Viet Cong.
37
What was the Ho Chi Minh Trail used for?
Supplies – maintained by 40,000 people.
38
What chemical weapons were used by the US in Vietnam?
Napalm and Agent Orange.
39
What was a significant aspect of Viet Cong morale?
Very strong morale.
40
What was the Tet Offensive?
A major attack by the Viet Cong on 100 cities and key military targets in early 1968.
41
What did the Tet Offensive reveal about the US military situation?
Raised questions about the effectiveness of US spending and troop presence.
42
What was the largest political protest in American history?
700,000 protesters demonstrated in Washington, D.C. in November 1969.
43
What was the My Lai Massacre?
A search-and-destroy mission where 300-400 civilians were killed.
44
Who reported the My Lai Massacre to Congress?
Ronald Ridenhour.
45
What was the outcome for William Calley after the My Lai Massacre?
Found guilty of 22 deaths and sentenced to twenty years’ hard labor.
46
What did LBJ announce after the Tet Offensive regarding the war?
The war would not be won militarily.
47
What strategy did Nixon implement to reduce US involvement in Vietnam?
Vietnamization.
48
What was the goal of the Paris Peace Accords signed in January 1973?
To achieve 'Peace with Honour.'
49
When did all US troops leave Vietnam?
29th March 1973.
50
What happened to South Vietnam within two years after US withdrawal?
Became communist.
51
What was a major reason for the failure of the US in Vietnam?
Military strength could not stem the spread of communism.
52
What was one impact of US bombing in Laos and Cambodia during the Vietnam War?
Helped communist parties gain support.
53
How did the US military's reputation change due to the Vietnam War?
Atrocities committed damaged its reputation.
54
True or False: The US involvement in Vietnam successfully prevented the spread of communism.
False.
55
Fill in the blank: The Tet Offensive occurred in early ______.
1968.

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