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U.S. History (2015-16) > U.S. History Unit 2 > Flashcards

U.S. History Unit 2 Flashcards

(75 cards)

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0
Q
  1. Protective tariff
A

Taxes that made imported goods more expensive

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1
Q
  1. Entrepreneur
A

People who invest money in a product or enterprise in order to make a profit

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2
Q
  1. Laissez faire
A

Business’ operated under minimal government supervision

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3
Q
  1. Patent
A

A grant by the federal government giving an inventor the exclusive right to develop, use, and sell an invention for a set period of time

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4
Q
  1. Thomas Edison
A

1876 inventor. Invented many products

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5
Q
  1. Bessemer process
A

Purifying iron, resulting in stronger, but more lightweight steel

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6
Q
  1. Time zone
A

1884, 27 countries divided the globe into 24 time zones

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7
Q
  1. Mass production
A

Factory owners developed systems for turning out large numbers of products quickly and in expensively

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8
Q
  1. Corporation
A

Group ownership of a company

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9
Q
  1. Monopoly
A

Complete control of a product or service

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10
Q
  1. Cartel
A

A group from one corporation to eliminate the other rival one.

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11
Q
  1. John D Rockefeller
A

An oil tycoon, made deals with railroads to increase his profit

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12
Q
  1. Horizontal integration
A

System of consolidation among many businesses.

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13
Q
  1. Andrew Carnegie
A

Steel tycoon

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14
Q
  1. Vertical integration
A

Reduce costs and charge high prices to competitors

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15
Q
  1. Social Darwinism
A

Only the fittest (wealthiest) would survive

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16
Q
  1. Interstate Commerce Commission (ICC)
A

Oversee railroad operations

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17
Q
  1. Sherman anti-trust Act
A

Outlawed any trust that operated in restraint of trade or commerce among the several states

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18
Q
  1. Sweatshop
A

Small, hot, and dirty workshops

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19
Q
  1. Company town
A

Towns owned by the company and rented out to the employees

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20
Q
  1. Collective bargaining
A

Negotiating as a group for higher wages or better working conditions

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21
Q
  1. Socialism
A

Economic and political philosophy that favors public, instead of private, control of property and income

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22
Q
  1. Knights of Labor
A

A union created by Uriah Smith who included all workers, included all workers of any trade , skilled or unskilled.

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23
Q
  1. AFL (American Federation of Labor
A

Formed by Samuel Gompers and was a craft Union. Only allowed skilled local workers

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24
85. Haymarket riot
Riot in haymaker square where dozens of policemen were killed due to a bomb
25
86. Homestead strike
Epidemic of steelworkers and miners strikes that took place as economic depression spread across America
26
87. Eugene V Debs
Leader of ARU (American railway Union)
27
88. Pullman Strike
Strike led by ARU, all railroad workers
28
89. New immigrant
Immigrants from 1870 - WW1
29
90. Steerage
The worst accommodations on the immigration ship
30
91. Ellis island
New York immigration center
31
92. Angel island
San Francisco immigration center
32
93. Americanization
Making newcomers learn English and learn the American traditions
33
94. Melting pot
White people of all different nations blended to make one culture
34
95. Nativism
Belief that native born Americans were superior to the rest
35
96. Chinese exclusion act
1882, prohibited Chinese laborer a and limited the rights of the already limited Chinese immigrants
36
97. Urbanization
People moved to cities to live in
37
98. Rural-to-urban migrant
The move from farm to factory
38
99. Skyscraper
Ten story+ buildings
39
100. Elisha Otis
Developed safety elevator
40
101. Mass transit
Public systems that could carry large numbers of people fairly inexpensively
41
102. Suburb
Cleaner, quieter part of the city
42
103. Tenement
Low cost multi family housing. Designed to squeeze many families into a small area
43
104. Gilded Age
The new lifestyle the Americans adopted. Shopping, sports, and reading popular magazines.
44
105. Conspicuous consumerism
When people wanted and bought the many new products on the market
45
106. Mass culture
When many items are the exact same from house to house
46
107. Joseph Pulitzer
Hungarian immigrant who fought in the civil war
47
108. Cash crop
Crops grown for money not own use
48
109. Farmer's alliance
Local organizations that combined. Wanted cheaper supplies
49
110. Civil rights act of 1875
Guaranteed blacks the rights to ride trains and use public facilities
50
111. Reservation
Specific areas set aside by the government for the Indians use
51
112. Sand creek massacre
Spawned another round of warfare between Indians and Americans. Specifically Plains Indians.
52
113. Battle of little big horn
Americans attacked Indians and lost. 250 Americans : 2,000 Indians
53
114. Sitting bull
Hunkpapa war chief
54
115. Wounded knee
Battle where Americans wanted to stop Indians from doing a ritual, ghost dance. Aka ghost dance war. Turning point for Americans because Americans won
55
116. Assimilate
Forced into accepting a certain culture
56
117. Dawes general allotment act
1887, each Indian family was given a 160 acre farmstead
57
118. Vigilante
Self appointed law enforcers
58
119. Transcontinental railroad
A rail link between east and west
59
120. Land grant
Money in the forms of loans
60
121. Open range system
Property was not fenced in
61
122. Homestead act
Passed in 1862, the government offered farm plots of 160 acres to anyone willing to live on the land for 5 years, dig a well, and build a road.
62
123. Exoduster
Group of African Americans who planted crops in Kansas and Oklahoma and founded many all-black towns
63
124. Jim Crowe Laws
Kept blacks and white segregated
64
125. Poll Tax
Required voters to pay a tax to vote
65
126. Literacy test
Tests voters were required to pass in order to vote
66
127. Grandfather clause
Allowed people to vote as long as his ancestors had voted prior to 1866
67
128. Booker T. Washington
Famous black leader during late 19th century
68
129. W.E.B. Du Bois
Argued that blacks should want full equality not just educational rights
69
130. Ida B. Wells
Fought for justice. Born into slavery
70
131. Spoils system
Awarded government jobs to loyal party workers
71
132. Pendleton civil service act
Created a civil service exam and forced people who wanted to work for government pass the exam
72
133. Gold standard
Government would use gold as basis for nation's national currency
73
134. Populist party
AKA people's party, wanted to create a new party from the grass up
74
135. William Jennings Bryan
Democratic Party presidential nominee, election of 1896.

U.S. History (2015-16) (5 decks)

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