us3 Flashcards
(18 cards)
What was the 3/5 Compromise?
At the Constitutional Convention, it counted 3 out of every 5 enslaved people for representation and taxes in southern states.
What is Federalism?
A system of government where power is shared between the national and state governments.
What is Popular Sovereignty?
The idea that people in a territory should vote directly to decide whether to allow slavery.
What was the Crittenden Compromise (1860)?
A last-ditch attempt to prevent the Civil War by protecting slavery in southern territories—it failed.
What was McCulloch v. Maryland (1819)?
A Supreme Court case that upheld federal supremacy and ruled that states cannot tax the national bank.
What were the Barbary Wars?
Early 1800s conflict where the U.S. fought North African pirates who were attacking American ships.
What was the Battle of Gettysburg (1863)?
A turning point in the Civil War; major Union victory that stopped Lee’s invasion of the North.
What was the Whiskey Rebellion (1794)?
Farmers in Pennsylvania protested a tax on whiskey; crushed by Washington—showed strength of the new federal government.
What was the XYZ Affair (1797)?
U.S. diplomats were asked for bribes by French agents (“X, Y, Z”); led to anti-French sentiment and Quasi-War.
What was the ruling in Dred Scott v. Sandford (1857)?
The Supreme Court ruled that enslaved people were not citizens and Congress couldn’t ban slavery in territories.
What was the Indian Removal Act (1830)?
A law signed by Andrew Jackson forcing Native Americans off their lands—led to the Trail of Tears.
Who was Aaron Burr?
Vice President under Jefferson; killed Alexander Hamilton in a duel and was later tried (but acquitted) for treason.
Who was Judith Sargent Murray?
An early advocate for women’s rights and education; argued women’s minds were equal to men’s.
What were the Know-Nothings?
An anti-immigrant, anti-Catholic political party in the 1850s—feared the influence of new immigrants.
What was the Seneca Falls Convention (1848)?
The first women’s rights convention in the U.S.; issued the Declaration of Sentiments demanding equality and suffrage.
What does the painting American Progress symbolize?
It symbolizes Manifest Destiny—shows America spreading west with technology, displacing Native Americans.
What was the Louisiana Purchase (1803)?
The U.S. bought land from France, doubling its size and opening western expansion.
What was the Tariff of Abominations (1828)?
A high tariff that angered the South, especially South Carolina—led to the Nullification Crisis.
