USA Topic 1

Question 1

How many were unemployed at the end of 1929

Answer 1

2.5 million

Question 2

How many were unemployed by 1932

Answer 2

12 million

Question 3

What were Hoovervilles

Answer 3

areas on the edge of cities where people lived in houses made of tin/cardboard/wood

Question 4

What were hoover blankets

Answer 4

Newspapers

Question 5

Who were the Bonus Marchers

Answer 5

Men who fought in WW1 who wanted the bonus that they had been promised early

Question 6

How many Bonus Marchers were there

Answer 6

12000 marching in Washington. 5000 still refused to leave after a warning

Question 7

How many people were injured when Hoover sent the army in after the Bonus Marchers

Answer 7

100 and a baby was killed

Question 8

What was Hoovers approach as a president called

Answer 8

Laissez faire

Question 9

What also happened as a result of the Depression

Answer 9

The birth rate fell and suicide rates increased

Question 10

What was the Hawley-Smoot Tariff Act

Answer 10

Hoover started putting a tax on foreign goods to try to bring in more money. It failed and countries refused to trade with the US

Question 11

What did the Emergency Relief Act involve

Answer 11

Hoover giving 300 million to state governments to help the unemployed

Question 12

What did the Republicans believe in

Answer 12

Laissez faire and rugged individualism

Question 13

Why was Roosevelt more popular than Hoover

Answer 13

Because he was more appealing and gave a clearer message

Question 14

What were the three Rs of the New Deal

Answer 14

Relief, Recovery, Reform

Question 15

Which Alphabet Agency aided with relief

Answer 15

The CCC

Question 16

Which Alphabet Agency aided with recovery

Answer 16

The AAA

Question 17

Which Alphabet Agency aided with reform

Answer 17

The TVA

Question 18

What did Roosevelt do on the 5th March

Answer 18

He closed all the banks for 10 days

Question 19

What were fireside chats

Answer 19

When Roosevelt would talk to the country on the radio and inform and reassure them of current affairs

Question 20

What did NRA stand for

Answer 20

National Recovery Administration

Question 21

What did the CCC do

Answer 21

Created jobs for homeless men 18-25

Question 22

How did Francis Townsend oppose the New Deal

Answer 22

He thought it wasn’t doing enough to help the elderly and set up Townsend clubs which were quite popular

Question 23

What were the successes of the New Deal

Answer 23

Many more jobs were created and unemployment decreased
People were happy to trust Roosevelt to help them
Roosevelt was clear with the Americans so they knew what was happening

Question 24

What were the limitations of the New Deal

Answer 24

Women and African - Americans still weren’t treated equally in and outside the workplace
The Alphabet Agencies only provided short term jobs
Most of the economical solutions were short term

Question 25

What did Huey Long want and what did he do

Answer 25

Though Roosevelt wasn't sharing the country's wealth fairly and started a campaign called 'Share Our Wealth'. It gained much support

Question 26

Why did the Supreme Court oppose the New Deal

Answer 26

Because most of it was made up of Republicans

Question 27

How many people left their homes looking for work in the Great Depression

Answer 27

More than 1 million

Question 28

How much did President Hoover cut taxes by

Answer 28

130 million

Question 29

When was Roosevelt inaugurated

Answer 29

4th March

Question 30

How much did the AAA help farmers

Answer 30

They were 50% better off under the AAA by 1936

Question 31

How many major measures did Roosevelt pass during his first hundred days

Answer 31

16

Question 32

Why did people oppose the New Deal

Answer 32

The debt was starting to grow A lot of money was wasted

Question 33

What were the acts that Roosevelt introduced in the Second New Deal

Answer 33

The Works Progress Administration The Wagner Act The Fair Labour Standards Act Social Security Act

Question 34

What did the WPA do

Answer 34

Organised a 4.8 billion relief programme Put unemployed teachers back to work

Question 35

What did the Wagner Act do

Answer 35

Upheld rights of workers to enter collective bargaining National Relations Board acted against employees who used unfair practices

Question 36

What did the Social Security Act do

Answer 36

Established pensions for the elderly and those injured in industrial accidents Established unemployment benefits

Question 37

How many women were involved in the CCC

Answer 37

8000 out of 2.75 million people involved

Question 38

Why did people blame Hoover for the Depression

Answer 38

-His laissez-faire approach -His harsh treatment of the Bonus Marchers -Too small relief and government schemes -He had nothing new to promise the voters

Question 39

Why did people like Roosevelt

Answer 39

-They were impressed that he was able to overcome polio -He was optimistic -He kept his message simple with a bold approach (The New Deal)

Question 40

What did Roosevelt do in his first 100 days

Answer 40

Closed all banks for ten days, then reopened the ones with assets. He explained all this in his fireside chats. He also set up Alphabet Agencies.

Question 41

What did the second new deal focus on

Answer 41

Mainly reform

Question 42

How many Americans were unemployed by the end of 1934

Answer 42

10 million

Question 43

How was the New Deal successful for government

Answer 43

Restored people's faith in them Preserved democracy

Question 44

How was the New Deal unsuccessful for the government?

Answer 44

Roosevelt gave too much power to the federal government and the presidency. The federal government was becoming more involved in what was state government managed areas.

Question 45

How was the New Deal successful for the economy

Answer 45

Stabilised the banking system Improved infrastructure

Question 46

How was the New Deal unsuccessful for the economy

Answer 46

Only provided short term solutions When Roosevelt reduced the New Deal budget in 1937 the country fell back into depression

Question 47

How was the New Deal successful for unemployment

Answer 47

The Alphabet Agencies caused unemployment to fall from 24.9 to 14.3 million It strengthened the position of labour unions, however they were still treated with suspicion

Question 48

How was the New Deal unsuccessful for unemployment

Answer 48

The Alphabet agencies only provided short term jobs Still over 14 million out of work in 1937

Question 49

Why did people not like the social welfare measures

Answer 49

They thought that they encouraged people to sponge off the state and it put too much pressure on tax payers.

Question 50

Were black Americans helped much in the New Deal?

Answer 50

No - Roosevelt did little to end segregation and many New Deal agencies discriminated against black people by giving them lower wages or worse treatment

Question 51

Were women helped much in the New Deal?

Answer 51

No - some National Industry Recovery Act codes required women to be paid less than men and only 8000 out of 2.75 million people in the CCC were women. However some achieved prominent positions eg Eleanor Roosevelt