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GCSE P.E (DEFINITIONS) > useful words and terms > Flashcards

useful words and terms Flashcards

(80 cards)

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1
Q

sedentary lifestyle

A

Not taking part in physical activity

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2
Q

aerobic

A

With oxygen. If exercise is not too fast and is steady, the heart can supply all the oxygen that muscles need.

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3
Q

aesthetic appreciation

A

to be able to see the beauty in a performance

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4
Q

agility

A

the ability to change the position of the body quickly and to control the movement of the whole body

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5
Q

anabolic steroids

A

drugs that mimic the male sex hormone testosterone and promote bone and muscle growth

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6
Q

anaerobic

A

without oxygen. if exercise is done in short, fast bursts, the heart cannot supply blood and oxygen to muscles as fast as the cells use them.

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7
Q

anorexic

A

pertaining anorexia is a prolonged eating disorder due to loss of appetite

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8
Q

balance

A

the ability to retain the body’s centre of mass (gravity) above the base of support with reference to static (stationary), or dynamic (changing), conditions of movement, shape and orientation

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9
Q

balance diet

A

a diet which contains an optimal ratio of nutrients

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10
Q

beta blockers

A

drugs that are used to control heart rate and have a calming and relaxing effect

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11
Q

blood pressure

A

(BP) is the force exerted by the heart as it pumps blood out of the heart and into the arteries (systolic high pressure) and it is low when it relaxes between beats (diastolic)

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12
Q

body composition

A

the percentage of body weight which is fat, muscle and bone

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13
Q

cardiac output

A

the amount of blood ejected from the heart in one minute

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14
Q

cardiovascular fitness

A

the ability to exercise the entire body for long periods of time

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15
Q

cholesterol

A

A blood fat which the body needs in moderate amounts

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16
Q

circuit training

A

a set of 6 to 10 exercises which are performed at stations in a organised pattern. Each exersice is performed for a specific number of repetitions or for a prescribed time before moving to the next exercise.

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17
Q

Coopers run test

A

a test of cardiovascular fitness

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18
Q

coordination

A

the ability to use two or more bod pay parts together

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19
Q

cross training

A

using more than one training method

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20
Q

diuretics

A

drugs that elevate the rate of bodily urine excretion

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21
Q

ectomorph

A

a somatotype, individuals with narrow hips and narrow shoulders, characterised by thinness

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22
Q

erythropoietin (EPO)

A

a type of peptide hormone that increases the red blood cell count

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23
Q

exercise

A

a form of Physical activity done to maintain or improve health and or physical fitness

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24
Q

Fartlek training

A

this type of training allows an athlete to run at varying speeds, over unmeasured distances, on different terrain.

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25
fitness
the ability to meet the demands of the environment
26
FITT
frequency, intensity, time, type (used to increase the amount of work the body does in order to achieve overload)
27
flexibility
the range of movements possible at a joint
28
health
a state of complete mental, physical and social wellbeing, and not merely the absence of disease and infirmity
29
health related exercise
exercise which is undertaken primarily to improve health and fitness for life
30
healthy active lifestyle
a lifestyle that contributes positively to physical, mental and social well being, and that includes regular activity
31
heart rate
the number of times the heart beats each minute
32
hypokinetic disease
a disease related to too little activity (hypo means under or too little - kinetic means energy or activity)
33
hypertrophy
scientific term for an increase in the size of muscle
34
individual differences
matching training with the requirements of the individual
35
isometric contractions
muscle contraction which results in the increased tension but the length does not alter, for example, when pressing against a stationary object
36
isotonic contraction
muscle contraction that results in limb movement
37
joint
a place where two or more bones meet
38
ligament
a tissue that joins bone to bone
39
mesomorph
a somatype, individuals with wide shoulders and narrow hips, characterised by muscularity
40
methods of training
interval training, continuous training, circuit training, weight training, Fartlek training and cross training
41
muscular endurance
the ability to use voluntary muscles many times without getting tired
42
muscle groups
muscles may be arranged in groups according to location or function e.g the muscles of the leg
43
muscular strength
the amount of force a muscle exerts against a resistance
44
narcotic analgesics
drugs that via be used to reduce the feeling of pain
45
obese
a term used to describe people who are overfat
46
optimum weight
the best weight or desirable weight, the best weight a player performs at
47
over fat
a way of saying you have more body fat than you should have
48
overload
fitness that can only be improved through training more than you would normally
49
overweight
having weight in excess of normal (not harmful unless accompanied by over fatness)
50
oxygen debt
the amount of oxygen consumed during recovery above which thatwould have ordinarily been consumed in the same time at rest (this results in a shortfall in the oxygen avaliable)
51
PAR-Q
physical activity readiness questionnaire
52
PEP
personal exercise programme
53
peptide hormones
drugs that cause the productions of other hormones
54
performance
how well a task is completed
55
physical activity
any form of exercise or movement, physical activity may be planned or unplanned and unstructured
56
power
the ability to do strength performances quickly power = strength x speed
57
progressive overload
to gradually increase the amount of overload so that fitness gains occur but without potential injury
58
reaction time
the time between the presentation of a stimulus and the onset of movement
59
recovery
the time required for the repair of damage to the body caused by training or competition
60
recovery
the time required for the repair of damage to the body caused by training or competition
61
rehabilitation
restoring an injury to its normal functioning state
62
rest
the period of time allotted to recovery
63
resistance training
training that uses a resistance or force against which specific muscle groups must work e.g weight training
64
reversibility
any adaption that takes place as a consequence of training will be reversed when you stop
65
RICE
rest, ice, compression, elevation ( a method of treating injuries )
66
role models
a person who you can aspire to, to make you into a better person. Often have better qualities that we would like to have
67
self esteem
respect for, or a favourable opinion of, oneself
68
skill related fitness
exersice which may be undertaken primarily to improve sporting ability
69
SMART
specific, measurable, achievable, realistic, time bound
70
socio-economic status
may be based on a persons income, education and occupation
71
somatotype
classification of body types
72
specificity
matching training to the requirements of an activity
73
speed
the differential rate at which an individual is able to perform a move or to cover a distance in a period of time
74
stimulants
drugs that have an effect on the central nervous system, such as increased mental or physical alertness
75
stroke volume
the volume of blood pumped out of the heart by each ventricle during one contraction
76
target zone
the range within which an individual needs to work for aerobic training to take place 60-80 per cent of maximum heart rate)
77
tendons
a tissue tha joins muscle to bone
78
training
a well planned programme which uses scientific principle to improve performance, skill, game ability and motor and physical fitness
79
training thresholds
the boundaries of a target zone
80
underweight
weighing less than is normal, healthy or required

GCSE P.E (DEFINITIONS) (3 decks)

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