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USH Final Review 2 Flashcards

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1
Q

What is Blitzkrieg?

A

“Lighting war”, type of fast-moving warfare used by German forces against Poland in 1939

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2
Q

Which country did Germany not control at the beginning of WWII?

A

Britain

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3
Q

What were the Nuremberg Laws?

A

Laws that forbid Jews from marrying non-Jews, forbid Jews from doing certain jobs, and marked Jewish passports with a large red “J”

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4
Q

Which countries did Japan attack during WWII?

A

The United States, China, and the Philippines

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5
Q

What was the Neutrality Act?

A

4 laws passed in the late 1930s designed to keep the US out of international incidents, , widely supported by isolationists, resulted from the investigation of the Nye Committee

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6
Q

What is appeasement?

A

Accepting demands in order to avoid conflict, used by the UK and France to keep peace with Germany

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7
Q

What was Kristallnacht?

A

“Night of Broken Glass,” when Nazis attacked Jews throughout Germany, greatly increasing hostility against them

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8
Q

What is anti-Semitism?

A

Hostility to or prejudice against Jews

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9
Q

What is Auschwitz?

A

One of the most famous concentration camps where 1.6 million+ Jews were killed

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10
Q

What city housed the most famous Jewish Ghetto?

A

Warsaw, Poland

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11
Q

What was the Final Solution?

A

Hitler’s program of systematically killing the entire Jewish people

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12
Q

Who was Joseph Stalin?

A

Communist dictator of the Soviet Union during World War II

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13
Q

Who was Benito Mussolini?

A

“el Duce,” fascist dictator of Italy

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14
Q

Who was Tojo?

A

Military leader of Japan during WWII

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15
Q

Who was Adolf Hitler?

A

German Nazi dictator during World War II (1889-1945)

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16
Q

Who was Winston Churchill?

A

Prime Minister of Great Britain during WWII

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17
Q

Who were the Tuskegee Airmen?

A

African American squadron that escorted bombers in the air war over Europe during World War II

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18
Q

How did minorities serve during WWII?

A

Through segregated fighting units

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19
Q

What were internment camps?

A

Detention centers where more than 100,000 Japanese Americans were relocated during World War II

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20
Q

What was the primary role of women in the military during WWII?

A

Nursing

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21
Q

What was the Battle of Midway?

A

The turning point that stopped the Japanese advance across the Pacific

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22
Q

Where were 10,000 US soldiers captured and killed?

A

Philippines

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23
Q

What was the Battle of Stalingrad?

A

Battle between Russia and Germany where Russia began forcing Germany out of the USSR

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24
Q

What was the Battle of the Atlantic?

A

German attempt to cripple England and the US through the use of submarines

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25
What happened at Pearl Harbor?
Base in Hawaii that was bombed by Japan, encouraging America to enter the war
26
What was Okinawa's significance?
Island that Iwo Jima needed to gain control of for accurate bombing of Japan
27
What was the Manhattan Project?
A secret US project for the construction of the atomic bomb
28
Where was the first atomic bomb dropped?
Hiroshima, Japan
29
What is the United Nations?
An international organization formed after WWII to promote international peace, security, and cooperation
30
What were the Nuremberg Trials?
A series of court proceedings held in Nuremberg, Germany, after World War II, in which Nazi leaders were tried for crimes against humanity
31
Who was Rosie the Riveter?
A symbol for American women's contribution to the war effort
32
What was the Cold War?
A conflict between the US and the Soviet Union without direct confrontation on the battlefield
33
What was the Truman Doctrine?
The plan to contain communism, widely believed to be the start of the Cold War
34
What city was blockaded twice by the USSR?
Berlin, Germany
35
What is NATO?
The Cold War military alliance between the US, France, UK, etc.
36
What is the Warsaw Pact?
The Cold War military alliance between the USSR, Czechoslovakia, Poland, etc.
37
What was the Space Race?
The Cold War competition between the US and the USSR caused by the launching of Sputnik
38
What kind of weapons were central to the arms race during the Cold War?
Nuclear weapons
39
What was the Cuban Missile Crisis?
Crisis resolved when the US agreed to pull missiles out of Turkey in exchange for the USSR pulling its missiles out of Cuba
40
What was the Solidarity Movement?
The movement in Poland that was the beginning of the end of the Cold War
41
Which country supported a Communist government on the Korean Peninsula?
North Korea
42
Which country supported a Democratic government on the Korean Peninsula?
South Korea
43
What was the first place the US reached during the Space Race?
The Moon
44
What were the Proxy Wars of the Cold War?
Vietnam War, Korean War, Soviet war in Afghanistan
45
What was Detente?
The period of cooling off of relations between the US and USSR in the 1970's
46
What was Glasnost?
A Cold War policy that gave USSR citizens more economic freedom and individual rights
47
What happened to the USSR after the Cold War?
It split into 14 different countries
48
What does SCLC stand for?
Southern Christian Leadership Conference, a civil rights organization led by Dr. King
49
What was the Nation of Islam?
A civil rights organization in favor of creating separate black communities, with Malcolm X as a spokesperson
50
What was the Civil Rights Movement?
A movement where African Americans were legally allowed to vote well before the events of the 1960s
51
Who was Gandhi?
Leader of the Indian independence movement known for nonviolent protests
52
What was the Black Panther movement?
A movement that believed in using violent methods to fight prejudices
53
Who were the Little Rock Nine?
The most famous group of African American students to desegregate a southern school in Arkansas
54
What was MLK's I have a dream speech?
A famous speech given in 1963 calling for an end to racism and bigotry
55
What was the significance of Brown v. Board of Education?
Court found that segregation violated the Equal Protection clause, allowing the Little Rock Nine to be successful
56
What did the Civil Rights Act of 1964 accomplish?
Outlawed discrimination based on race, color, religion, sex, or national origin
57
What was the NAACP's focus?
Mainly worked to gain voting rights and equality for African Americans
58
What did the Voting Rights Act of 1965 do?
Resulted in sending federal observers to ensure African Americans could vote without unfair practices
59
What was the Montgomery Bus Boycott?
A boycott inspired by Rosa Parks that led to the ruling that segregation of public transportation was illegal
60
What was SNCC?
Mainly composed of students who organized non-violent protests such as sit-ins
61
Who was Ho Chi Minh?
Leader of communist North Vietnam during the Vietnam War
62
What is the Domino Theory?
The idea that if one country became communist, others would soon follow
63
Where did the Vietnamese defeat the French?
Dien Bien Phu
64
What is guerrilla warfare?
Non-traditional warfare involving hit and run tactics
65
What were the Geneva Accords?
Called for elections in 1956 to reunify Vietnam, which never took place
66
What were US soldiers initially sent to Vietnam as?
Advisors
67
Who were the two groups the US fought against during the Vietnam War?
Vietcong and NVA
68
What caused the Vietnam War?
The US sent soldiers to prevent the spread of communism after an incident in the Gulf of Tonkin
69
Who was President during the Gulf of Tonkin incident?
President Johnson
70
What was Operation Rolling Thunder?
A bombing campaign aimed at attacking North Vietnam
71
What is agent orange?
A chemical sprayed on Vietnam to destroy vegetation
72
What was the main tactic used by the US in Vietnam?
Search and destroy
73
What is napalm?
Jellied gasoline used in bombs to inflict more damage
74
What was the Ho Chi Minh trial?
The main supply route used by the NVA and Vietcong during the war
75
Why didn't President Johnson want to invade North Vietnam?
He feared it would provoke China and expand the war
76
What was the general sentiment of Americans about the Vietnam War in 1965?
Most Americans supported the war
77
What was the Tet Offensive?
A coordinated attack by the Vietcong on major cities and military bases in South Vietnam
78
Who won the US Presidential Election of 1968?
Richard Nixon
79
What was Vietnamization?
A plan to give South Vietnam more of a role in fighting the war
80
Where did the US start bombing to support South Vietnam?
Cambodia and North Vietnam
81
What happened at Kent State University?
National Guardsmen opened fire on students protesting the bombing of Cambodia
82
What was the experience of Vietnam War soldiers when returning home?
They were often encouraged not to wear their uniforms due to fear of violence
83
How many American soldiers were killed or missing in action during the Vietnam War?
About 58,000
84
Germany
WWII began when this country invaded Poland

History (1 decks)

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