Using Health Services Flashcards
(24 cards)
What is one individual difference is associated with increased symptom recognition?
Neuroticism
Higher levels of neuroticism lead to a greater likelihood of noticing, reporting, and catastrophizing symptoms.
How do cultural norms affect symptom expression?
Cultural norms dictate whether it is acceptable to express discomfort or pain
Gender differences can occur in symptom expression due to cultural expectations.
What mood is associated with increased awareness of painful symptoms?
Negative mood
Individuals in a negative mood are more likely to notice painful symptoms.
What effect does chronic stress have on symptom recognition?
Increases likelihood of noticing and interpreting symptoms
What factors influence the interpretation of symptoms?
- Prior Experience
- Expectations
- Seriousness of symptoms
- Emphasis on certain body parts
What is a lay referral network?
An informal network of family and friends who offer interpretations and advice regarding health symptoms
What are the three stages of delay in seeking care?
- Appraisal Delay
- Illness Delay
- Utilization Delay
What is appraisal delay?
The time it takes to recognize a symptom and determine it is an issue for illness
What is illness delay?
The time it takes after recognizing you are ill until you decide to seek treatment
What is utilization delay?
The time it takes to visit the doctor after deciding that you need primary care
Which age groups are most likely to use healthcare services?
Children and older adults
Teenagers and young adults have the lowest rates of healthcare service use.
How do gender differences affect healthcare service utilization?
Women have higher rates of using medical care than men
What social and cultural factors influence health service usage?
- Economic factors
- Geographical location
- Race, culture, and language
What challenges exist in medical interactions?
Hospitals and medical offices are often not conducive to good communication
What is patient-centred communication?
Communication that includes empathy, active listening, and clear explanations
What are the benefits of patient-centred communication?
- Greater patient satisfaction
- Increased adherence to treatment
What is a common problem in patient-provider communication?
Not actively listening
Patients are often interrupted during consultations.
What is the issue with the use of medical jargon?
Patients may not understand technical terms, reducing their ability to follow recommendations
What is ‘baby talk’ in the medical context?
Overly simplistic explanations that infantilize the patient
What patient factors can hinder communication?
- Inability to repeat diagnosis
- Language barriers
- Embarrassment
- Anxiety and mental health problems
What is patient adherence?
Following the healthcare provider’s recommendations
What are common physical symptoms among adults?
- Back pain
- Joint pain
- Fatigue
- Headaches
- Cold/flu symptoms
What are other common symptoms that may be reported?
- Nausea
- Dizziness
- Chest pain
- Gastrointestinal issues
- Shortness of breath
- Blurred vision
Fill in the blank: The average rate of adherence to medical regimens is about _______.
75%
Adherence varies based on many factors.
