Using Respurces Flashcards
(36 cards)
What is a ceramic?
Group of non-metal solids with high melting points that are made from carbon-based compounds
Two examples of ceramics
Clay ceramics
Glass
How are clay ceramics made?
Play from the ground
Mould the clay into the shape that you want
Fire the clay at high temperature in a furnace to harden it
How is soda lime glass made?
A mixture of limestone, sand and sodium carbonate until it melts
Will it cause it will form glass
How is borosilicate glass different to soda lime glass?
It is made from a mixture of sand and boron trioxide
It has a higher melting
What is a composite material?
Composites are made of one material embedded in another
This makes the composite much stronger than either of the materials are alone
What is the difference between low density polyethylene in high-density polyethylene?
LD
Conditions: moderate temperatures, high-pressure, catalyst
Properties: more flexible and weaker
Uses: carrier bags
HD
Conditions: low-temperature/pressure,
Properties: more rigid and stronger
Uses: drainpipes
What is the difference between Thermo softening and thermosetting polymers?
Thermo Softing-melt when they are heated and can be remoulded
Thermosetting do you not melt when they’re heated so cannot be remoulded
How does the structure of Thermo softening polymers relate to their properties?
Made from lots of polymer chains, held together, bye week, intermolecular forces
These forces break easily when heating
What is corrosion
Whenmetals are slowly broken down by reacting with substances in the environment
Why does iron corrode so much more than aluminium?
When aluminium chloride is it forms a protective layer of aluminium oxide, which prevent further corrosion
When iron corrode the hydrated iron oxide flakes off and then underlying iron also corrodes
What are three ways a barrier method might be applied to prevent rusting
Greasing
Painting
Electroplating
What is the sacrificial method for preventing rusting?
Add a more reactive metal to the iron
What an oxygen react with the sacrificial metal instead of the of the iron doesn’t rust
Two new ways of extracting, copper from low-grade copper ores
Phytomining
Bioleaching
How does phytomining work?
Plants absorb metal compounds from the soil as they grow
The plants are there in harvested and burned to produce Ash that contains metal compounds
The metal compounds can then be processed to separate the metals out
How does bioleaching work?
Tell me a breakdown, the low-grade ores temperature is an acidic solution of soluble metal compounds
The metal compounds are extracted from the leash, 8
The metal compound or process to extract the pure metal
What are two disadvantages of life-cycle assessments
It is hard to give pollutants a numerical value of impact, and therefore the value of each pollutant will be subjective and probably biased
Select a LCA is can be biased to deliberately support a company
What are the three criteria for water to be considered as potable
Levels of dissolved substances be fairly low
The ph must be between 6.5-8.5
There must be no microorganisms
Portable water, the same as pure water
No pure water must only contain water molecules. Where is potable water can contain salt that are not water.
Outline of three stages of treating freshwater
Is the water through a wire mesh. This will filter out any large objects like plastic bottles on the
Pasta water through a bed of sand and gravel. This will filter out small things like bits of rocks.
Steriliser water to kill any micro organisms are three different ways to do this
Bubbling chlorine gas through it
Exposing it to ozone
Exposing it to ultraviolet radiation
What is desalination?
The extraction a possible water from seawater
What are the two methods of desalination?
Destination
Processes that use membranes
