Uterine Pathology Flashcards
(37 cards)
What is the cause of congenital uterine abnormalities?
Failure of paramesonephric (mullerian) duct fusion
What problems are associated with congenital uterine abnormalities?
Infertility and obstetric problems
Missed neoplasm
When is the proliferative phase of the endometrial cycle?
Day 1-14
What hormone is associated with the proliferative phase of the endometrial cycle?
oestrogen
What is the problem with too much oestrogen?
Hyperplasia and cancer
When is the secretory phase of the endometrial cycle?
Day 16-28
What hormone is associated with the secretory phase of the endometrial cycle?
progesterone
Define dysfunctional uterine bleeding
Bleeding at the wrong time of the endometrial cycle without obvious cause (ie. not fibroids)
What is the cause of acute endometritis?
Post-partum/abortion sepsis
What are the causes of chronic endometritis?
Chronic pelvic inflammatory disease
IUCD
Tuberculosis
Which bacterium is most commonly associated with endometritis
actinomysis
How to endometrial polyps usually present?
Bleeding or discharge but usually asymptomatic
When do endometrial polyps usually occur
Around and after the menopause
What is the supposed cause of endometrial hyperplasia?
Persistent oestrogen stimulation
How does endometrial hyperplasia usually present?
Dysfunctional uterine bleeding or postmenopausal bleeding
When is the peak incidence of endometrial carcinoma?
50-60years
When does endometrial cancer occur in younger women?
When they have an underlying predisposition e.g. PCOS, Lynch syndrome
What are the 2 main types of endometrial cancer?
Endometrioid carcinoma
Serous Carcinoma
What is the precursor lesion of endometrioid carcinoma?
Atypical hyperplasia
What is the precursor lesion of serous carcinoma?
Serous intraepithelial carcinoma
How does endometrial carcinoma usually present?
Abnormal bleeding
How does endometrial carcinoma present macroscopically?
Large, polypoid uterus
How does endometrial carcinoma present microscopically?
Most are well differentiated adenocarcinomas
How does endometrial carcinoma spread?
Direct- to myometrium and cervix
Lymphatic
Haematogenous
