UTi/Meningitis/pneumonia Flashcards
(24 cards)
pathophys of UTI
cases bacteria establish infection in the urinary tract by traveling from the urethra into the bladder and kidneys
MCC UTI in young people
E. Coli
how to tx cystitis
healthy females-bactrim or quinolones 3 days (7 days for >65/diabetics)
pregnant-amox, cephalexin, nitro 7 days
healthy men <50 bactrim or quinolones 7 days
vital signs are T- 103.30 F, P-100, R-20, BP-110/70. She c/o nausea, vomiting and right sided abdominal and flank pain.
pyelo
how to tx pyelo?
outpt-PO quinolones 7-14 days, bactrim 14 days, amox/augmentin 14 days
inpt-IV quinolones, ceftriaxone, unsyn, zosyn….switch to oral when stable
definitive dx of prostatitis
microbiologic exam of expressed prostatic fluid or urine. Positive is defined by WBC >10 per high powered field
how to tx prostatitis
acute-cipro 14 days or bactrim 4 weeks
chronic-cipro or bactrim for 4-6 weeks
when to treat asymptomatic bacteriuria
pregnancy, before instrumentation or post renal transplant
MC type of bacterial meningitis
strep pneump
H influenza
N meningitides
how to treat strep pneumo meningitis
PCN
Ceftriaxone
Vanco
how to treat H influenza meningitis
ampicillin for sensitive organisms, otherwise ceftriaxone
how to treat staph aureus meningitis
MSSA-nafcillin
MRSA-vanco
how to treat gram - bacilli meningitis
Cefipime, ceftazidime,
Meropenem
how to treat L monocytogenes meningitis
ampicillin
how does fulminant meningococcemia present?
rash, petechiae, ecchymosis, DIC, hypotension and death
H.influenzae, M.catarrhalis: pneumonia occurs in presence of
cardiopulmonary disease
symptoms: cough, sputum production, chest pain, fever, chills
pneumonia
CURB 65
used to see if pt that has pneumonia can go home confusions urea >7 RR >30 BP SBP<90 DBP<60
outpt tx of pneumonia
macrolides-azithromycin
respiratory fluoroquinolones-levo
trat for at least 5 days
outpt tx of pneumonia w/comorbidities such as chronic heart, lung, liver, or renal disease; diabetes mellitus; alcoholism; malignancies; asplenia; immunosuppressing conditions
b-lactam plus a macrolide
amox
inpt tx of pneumonia
b-lactam plus a macrolide
cefotaxime, ceftriaxone, and ampicillin
Signs/Sx: fever,weakness, fatigue, weight loss over weeks to months.
TB
quantiferon gold
can differentiate b/w acute vs latent
how to tx TB?
Isoniazid (INH), Rifampin, Ethambutol, vitamin B6 for 6-9 months
add pyrizidamine for multi drug resistant
