UWorld Flashcards
(42 cards)
how to treat squamous cell carcinoma
best is always surgery but you can also do cryotherapy, electrosurgery, and radiation therapy
who is at greatest risk for postop pulmonary complications
COPD
smoking (they should stop > 4wks prior to surgery)
sleep apnea
heart failure
first line treatment for PCP agitation and also catatonia
benzos (you can add haloperidol if that doesnt help for PCP agitation)
biventricular pacing device for pts in sinus rhythm who meet what three criteria?
- LV ejection fraction < 35%
- NYHA class 2,3,4, heart failure symptoms
- Left bundle branch block with QRS duration > 150msec
what does absent or reversed placental umbilical artery end-diastolic flow suggest?
placental insufficiency and impending fetal hypoxia
- indication for delivery
pain on deep vaginal penetration is a sign of what…
endometriosis
corrected calcium
= measured total calcium + 0.8 (4 - measured albumin)
how to treat lactational mastitis
most commonly due to staph aureus
-first line: PO dicloxacillin and PO cephalexin
(both safe during breastfeeding)
antibiotics in pediatric sepsis
= 28 days old (amp and gent or cefotaxime)
> 28 days (ceftriaxone or cefotaxime +/- vanc if meningeal involvement is suspected)
distinct p waves of at least 3 different morphologies with atrial rate > 100bpm
multifocal atrial tachycardia
- correct underlying disturbance
- AV nodal blockade (verapamil) if persistent
what does digoxin toxicity look like
n/v, anorexia, fatigue, confusion, visual disturbances (color), and cardiac abnormalities
meds that can cause toxicity: verapamil, quinidine, and amiodarone
vulvodynia and treatment
- chronic > 3 months raw/burning vulvar pain , positive Q-tip test, pain with labial separation, no other signs of symptoms
- tx: behavior modification, pelvic floor PT, CBT
perimenopausal woman with intense vulvar pruritus
inflammatory vulvar disorder (lichen sclerosus, lichen planus, psoriasis)
-tx w/ topical steroid (clobetasol)
citalopram
SSRI that treats depression and associated insomnia
androgenetic alopecia (male pattern baldness)
starts in the frontal or temporal areas and progresses gradually
alopecia areata
smooth and discrete areas of complete hair loss (no associated scaling, scarring, or inflammation)
-likely due to T-cell infiltration around the hair follicles
best imaging modality for osteonecrosis/avascular necrosis of the femoral head
MRI of hip
pemphigoid gestationis
autoimmune disease pregnant ladies get in 2-3rd trimester
- starts with itching
- then develop rash, mainly periumbilical with some satellite lesions
baby less than 2yo gets UTI… next step?
treat then do renal ultrasound
if the ultrasound shows abnormality OR recurrent infections then do voiding cysturethrogram
postviral inflammation of thyroid that has prominent fevers and hyperthyroid symptoms with painful/tender goiter
subacute thyroiditis (de Quervain)
- elevated ESR and CRP
- low radioiodine uptake
treatment for acute coronary syndrome (unstable angina)
dual antiplatelet therapy
anticoagulation
beta blocker (unless they have acute decompensated heart failure)
high intensity statin
What is and how do you treat a blepharospasm
Focal form of dystonia with involuntary eye closure triggered by bright lights and irritants
Treat with botulinum toxin
what is the most common cause of small bowel obstruction in pt w/ hx of abdominal surgery
adhesions
first-line treatment for borderline personality disorder
dialectical behavior therapy
