Uworld

Question 0

1. Central cord syndrome - synptoms? Cause?
2. Anterior cord syndrome - symptoms? Cause?
3. Acute cord prolapse - symptoms? Test?

Answer 0

1. Burning pain in upper extremities from forced hyperextension of neck
2. Paralysis and loss of pain/temperature below lesion from burst fracture
3. Severe radicular pain; straight leg test

Question 1

Most common cause of lower G.I. bleed in elderly?

Answer 1

Diverticulosis

Question 2

Patient breathes smoke from the fire – part of airway that is spared?

Answer 2

Subglottic (vocal cords close in response to hot air)

Question 3

Interventions for lowering ICP?

Answer 3

1. Hyperventilation (CO2 washout causes vasoconstriction)
2. Mannitol (osmotic diuresis from brain tissue)
3. Head elevation (increases venous outflow)
4. Sedation (decreases metabolic demand)

Question 4

Ludwig angina? Originates from? Most common cause of death?

Answer 4

Bacterial cellulitis of sublingual/submandibular glands leading to dysphasia and drooling;

teeth

Asphyxiation

Question 5

Torus Palatinus?

Answer 5

Congenital benign bony growth on hard palate

Question 12

Succussion splash suggests? Associated with ingestion of?

Answer 12

Gastric obstruction

Corrosive substances lead to Pyloric stenosis

Question 13

Patient with perforated appendix has positive psoas sign – why?

Answer 13

Likely psoas ulcer after perforation

Question 14

Respiratory quotient? Connection to metabolism?

Answer 14

Ratio of CO2 produced to O2 consumed

#if around 1, carbohydrates are major metabolic source of energy
#if 0.8 – proteins
#If 0.7 - fats

Question 15

Forceful abduction and external rotation or arm can cause? Nerve injured?

Answer 15

Anterior dislocation of the humorous; axillary nerve injury

Question 16

Only possible place for bladder injury to permit leakage of urine into peritoneum?

Answer 16

Bladder dome

Question 17

Patient undergo surgery. Now has long QT, muscle cramps, anxiety. Likely surgery?

Answer 17

Thyroidectomy leading to hypocalcemia

Question 18

Patient files on outstretched hands. When arms are held his head and arms are slowly dropped, right arm drops rapidly at the midpoint of it’s decent. Diagnosis?

Answer 18

Rotator cuff tear (supraspinatus)

Question 19

Volkmann’s contracture? Results from?

Answer 19

Final complication of compartment syndrome where dead muscle is replaced by fibrous tissue

Question 25

When to consider volume resuscitation before mechanical ventilation?

Answer 25

If Patient is susceptible going to hypovolemic shock – mechanical ventilation reduces venous return, and can trigger cardiac arrest

Question 26

Athlete feels popping during activity. Pain, swelling hemearthrosis – suspected diagnosis?

Answer 26

ACL tear (MCL tear and meniscal tear do not cause hemarthrosis)

Question 30

Follicular obstruction tetrad?

Answer 30

Suppurative hidradenitis
Pilonidal disease
Dissecting folliculitis of the scalp
Acne conglobata

Question 31

Patient with superlative hidradenitis presents with?

Answer 31

Multiple painful nodules in axilla and groin

Question 32

Bowen’s disease? Presents as?

Answer 32

Squamous cell carcinoma in situ

Erythematous plaque with well-defined irregular borders and overlying crust

Question 33

Painful mass above coccyx - Likely diagnosis?

Answer 33

Pilonidal abscess

Question 34

First-line test for diagnosing renal stones?

Answer 34

CT scan (not ultrasound)

Question 40

Physical exam findings seen in patients with Morton neuroma?

Answer 40

Milder sign - clicking sensation when palpating space between third and fourth digit on foot

Question 41

When is a calculus cholecystitis usually seen?

Answer 41

After trauma, multiorgan system failure, burns, prolonged parenteral nutrition

Question 42

Syringomyelia?

Answer 42

CSF drainage of central canal is disrupted, leading to the fluid filled spinal cavity that depresses nerve tissue and spine.

Crossing fibers (pain and temperature) and upper extremity motor fibers are most affected

Question 43

McMurray's sign? Indicates?

Answer 43

Palpable/audible snap occurring when extending knee from full flexion while applying tibial torsion Medial meniscus tear

Question 44

Complication of cardiac catheterization? If suspected, next step?

Answer 44

Retroperitoneal hemorrhage. CT scan without contrast and supportive treatment

Question 45

After cardiothoracic surgery, patient develops fever, chest pain, leukocytosis, and mediastinal widening. Differential diagnosis? Management?

Answer 45

``` #Mediastinitis – look for pus (surgical drainage as debridement, antibiotics) #Post pericardiotomy syndrome – NSAIDs and pericardial puncture ```