UWorld

Question 1

Which type of dementia affects the medial temporal lobe?

Answer 1

Alzheimer’s

“Anthony’s grandpa loved eating meat and was lost in time”

Question 2

What type of dementia affects the frontal and temporal lobes?

Answer 2

Frontotemporal

Question 3

What type of dementia causes ventriculomegaly?

Answer 3

Normal pressure hydrocephalus

Question 4

What type of dementia causes white matter changes on imaging?

Answer 4

Vascular

Question 5

What’s the difference between caput succedaneum vs. cephalohematoma?

Answer 5

Caput crosses suture lines

“Caput is not caput”

Question 6

Which disease causes cafe au lait spots, axillary freckles, Lisch nodules, and peripheral neural sheath tumors?

Answer 6

Neurofibromatosis 1

Question 7

What disease can cause bilateral trigeminal neuralgia?

Answer 7

MS

Question 8

Above what level of the spinal cord must be injured for autonomic dysreflexia to occur?

Answer 8

T6

Question 9

What condition causes severe back pain, fever, and elevated ESR, and requires urgent back MR?

Answer 9

Spinal epidural abscess

Question 10

Could gentamicin cause vertigo and hearing loss?

Answer 10

Yes (aminoglycoside toxicity)

Question 11

How do you treat Bell’s palsy?

Answer 11

Glucocorticoids

Question 12

Which antipsychotic can cause hyperprolactinemia?

Answer 12

Risperidone

Question 13

Does increased prolactin cause decreased dopamine in the tuberoinfundibular pathway?

Answer 13

Yes

Question 14

How does hypothyroidism lead to carpal tunnel?

Answer 14

Soft tissue thickening and mucinous infiltration of the nerve tunnel

Question 15

T/F: Isotretinoin can cause increased ICP/

Answer 15

True

Question 16

What congenital disorder presents with early onset stroke, marfanoid body habitus, light hair and eyes, and vision problems?

Answer 16

Homocystinuria

Question 17

What’s the tx for homocystinuria?

Answer 17

B6, folate, and B12 supplementation

Question 18

What can present like Bell’s palsy but also has parotid gland swelling?

Answer 18

Sarcoidosis

Question 19

What presents with a young infant with failure to thrive, bilateral cataracts, and jaundice?

Answer 19

Galactosemia (galactose-1-phosphate-uridyl transferase deficiency)

Question 20

What can IV drug use lead to with the spine (and would present with lower leg weakness)?

Answer 20

Spinal epidural abscess

Question 21

What etiology of increased ICP occurs in AIDS patients with CD4 counts <400 and causes papular skin lesions and is diagnosed with India ink?

Answer 21

Cryptococcus neoformans

Question 22

What’s the tx for status epilepticus (seizure lasting 5+ min or 2+ seizures in which the patient does not completely regain consciousness)?

Answer 22

Fosphenytoin, Phenytoin, Levetiracetam, Valproic acid

Question 23

What medications can cause acute dystonia?

Answer 23

Antipsychotics, particularly haloperidol and fluphenazine

Question 24

What’s the antidote for acute dystonia?

Answer 24

Benztropine

Question 25

Which type of dementia would present with executive dysfunction, asymmetric reflexes, and urinary incontinence?

Answer 25

Vascular

Question 26

T/F: childhood breath-holding spells are a variant of vasovagal syncope due to autonomic dysfunction?

Answer 26

True

Question 27

Is Guillain-Barre a neuromuscular junction or peripheral nerve disorder?

Answer 27

Peripheral nerve (autoimmune demyelination)

Question 28

What artery is torn in an epidural hematoma?

Answer 28

MMA | "You need an epidural from the pain of fighting MMA"

Question 29

Which has immediate sx: epidural or subdural hematoma?

Answer 29

Epidural

Question 30

What's the tx for meningioma?

Answer 30

Surgical resection

Question 31

Which level is the peroneal nerve?

Answer 31

L5

Question 32

What meds do you initiate after TIA?

Answer 32

Aspirin & statin

Question 33

What part of the brain is involved in pronator drift?

Answer 33

Pyramidal/corticospinal tract

Question 34

Can a single ring-enhancing lesion be a brain abscess?

Answer 34

Yes

Question 35

What should you check to see if a patient has before giving sumatriptan?

Answer 35

Coronary artery disease (risk of vasospasm)

Question 36

Can copper deficiency cause peripheral neuropathy and skin depigmentation?

Answer 36

Yes

Question 37

What's a rare complication of aortic dissection that can cause anterior cord syndrome?

Answer 37

Anterior spinal cord ischemia

Question 38

What can cause central cord syndrome?

Answer 38

Whiplash injuries in older adults with underlying spondylosis

Question 39

What's a good tx for fibromyalgia?

Answer 39

Amitryptyline

Question 40

Which disease affects ACh receptor antibodies?

Answer 40

Myasthenia Gravis