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Flashcards in uworld1 Deck (18)
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1
Q

pulsus paradoxus defined as

A

systolic BP>10 during inspiration

2
Q

causes of pulsus paradoxus

A

cardiac tamponade

others: severe asthma, COPD

3
Q

most common cause of papillary necrosis

A

analgesic overuse

4
Q

aut dom polycystic kidney disease sxs

A

flank pain
hematuria
UTIs
nephrolithiasis

5
Q

hepatic hydrothorax is caused how

A

patients who have small defects in diaphragm

when they get cirrhosis, portal HTN –> peritoneal fluid leaks through defects and causes pleural effusions

6
Q

common meds to cause hyperkalemia

A

B blockers
K sparing diuretics
ACEI/ARBs
NSAIDs

7
Q

unconjugated bili or conjugated bili is soluble and can end up in urine?

A

conjugated

8
Q

which deficiency? pustular rash, loss of taste, alopecia

A

zinc

9
Q

which deficiency? thyroid dysfunction, cardiomyopathy, immune dysfunction

A

selenium

10
Q

muddy brown casts

A

ATN

11
Q

broad casts

A

chronic renal failure

12
Q

waxy casts

A

chronic renal failure

13
Q

fatty casts

A

nephrotic syndrome

14
Q

which murmur: extertional SOB, dry cough, holosystolic murmur, fatigue

A

mitral regurgitation

15
Q

tests to support lactose intolerance

A

positive hydrogen test
positive stool test for reducing substances
low stool pH
increased stool osmotic gap

16
Q

pathophys of hepatorenal syndrome

A

cirrhosis–> splanchnic arterial dilation –> activates R-A-A –> renal vasoconstriction –> decreased GFR

17
Q

____ disease is common cause of Addison’s disease in developing countries

A

TB

18
Q

Addison’s disease causes metabolic acidosis or alkalosis? and what to Na and K?

A

non-anion gap metabolic acidosis

hyperkalemic
hyponatremic

(think no aldosterone–> not reabsorbing Na)