Vaccines Flashcards
(62 cards)
1
Q
What shots are given at birth ?
A
Hep B - 1st dose
2
Q
What shots are given at 1 month ?
A
Hep B - 2nd dose
3
Q
What shots are given at 2 months?
A
Rotovirus - 1st Dtap - 1st Hib - 1st PCV - 1st IPV - 1st
4
Q
What shots are given at 4 months ?
A
Rotovirus - 2nd Dtap - 2nd Hib - 2nd PCV - 2nd IPV - 2nd
5
Q
What shots are given at 6 months ?
A
Hep B - 3rd Dtap - 3rd Hib - 3rd PCV - 3rd IPV - 3rd can take between 6-18months
6
Q
What shots are given at 12 months ?
A
Hib - 4th PCV 13 - 4th MMR - 1st Varicella - 1st Hep A - need two doses separate by 6-18 months
7
Q
What shots are given 4-6 years ?
A
Dtap - 5th
IPV 4th
MMR - 2nd
Varicella - 2nd
8
Q
what shots are given at 15 months
A
Dtap 4th
9
Q
At what age is flu shot started ?
A
9 months TO 1 year = can get 1 or 2 doses
7-10 years = one dose
10
Q
when is Hep A given? how many doses?
A
Starting at 12 months
in a two dose series and separate by 6 months
11
Q
Meningitis (menaraca) is given when?
A
Starting at age 11-12 years
and a booster at 16-18 years
12
Q
Tdap booster given when?
A
11-12 years old
13
Q
HPV is given at what age? how many doses?
A
HPV start at 11-12 3 dose series, 3 months apart
new rule this year if you start <15 years old only need two shots 3 months apart
14
Q
What ages is Hep B given?
A
Birth
1
2
6
15
Q
What ages is Rotovirus given?
A
2
4
16
Q
What ages is Dtap given?
A
2 4 6 15 4-6 years
17
Q
What ages is Hib given?
A
2
4
6
12-15
18
Q
What ages is PCV 13 given?
A
2
4
6
12-15
19
Q
What ages is IVP given?
A
2
4
6-18
4-6 years
20
Q
What ages is MMR given?
A
12-15m
4-6 years
21
Q
What ages is Varicella given?
A
12-15m
4-6 years
22
Q
What ages is Hep A given?
A
12- 23 m
two doses separate each by 6 months
23
Q
When is menarca given?
A
11-12 years
booster at 16-18 years
24
Q
What ages is Tdap given?
A
11-12years
25
What type of vaccine is:
whole virus or bacteria
fractional = protein based toxid or subunts
= polysaccharide based pure or conjuate
Inactived
| aka killed
26
What type of vaccine is:
| Weakened virus or bacteria
live-attenuated
27
what are all the vaccines that are live-attenuated
MMR
Varicella
rotavirus
intranasal influenza
28
what "other" stuff can be found in a vaccine other than the virus or bacteria
Suspended fluids - sterile water, saliine, fluids containing protien
Presrvatives and stabilizers- albumin, phenols, glycine
adjuvants or enhances to help it be more effective
29
What are all the routes vaccines can be given?
Oral
Intranasal
Parenteral - IM or SC - anterolateral thigh - infants, toddlers and preschoolers. deltoid
-multiple vaccines just need to be given at different sites > 1 inch apart
30
What vaccine schedule do Premature infants follow
Same schedule as full term infants
31
What should be given to each parent/patient when a vaccine is given ?
Vaccine infomation statement - VIS
| require by the national childhood vaccine injury act
32
What are all the contraindications to vaccines?
1. severe allergic reaction- anaphylaxis with previous vaccine or component
2. Live virus vaccines if severely immunopcomporised
3. Mod/severe acute illness with/without fever
33
Is a vaccine okay to give if a mild illness is present with a fever?
Yes
34
Can MMR and Influenza be given if a child has a egg allergy?
Measles and mumps derived from chicken embryo fibroblast
Children with egg allergy even if severe, are at low risk for anaphylaxis
can be given with no precautions
* Influenza can NOT be given
35
What are some side effects to vaccines?
Majority are mild- redness, swelling, mild pain and discomfort, low grade fever, fainting
significant- doument in chart
repoart to VARES
36
What is the VARES
Vaccine adverse event reporting system
- all docs who administer vaccines
- maintain permanent vaccine records and report to VARS reportable events
37
What vaccine - is a virus that causes acute, chronic, perinatal disease
risk of progression to chronic disease is greatest at a young age.
90% of infants
25-50% 1- 5 years
mortality due to cirrhosis or liver cancer
HEP B - 2, 4 , 6-18m
38
Dtap protects against what?
Diptheria, tetanus toxoids and acellular pertussis
39
What bacteria will presents with fevers, pharyngitis with a psuedomembrane
10 % mortality
without treatment 50% mortality
highest risk < 5 years old and > 40 years old
Dtap - Corynebacterium diphtheria
40
What bacteria will transmitted through a break in the skin leading to muscle spasms/rigidity
10--20% mortality
Clostridium tetani
| Dtap
41
what bacteria will caused whooping cough
50% of infants require hospitalizations
3 in 5 are apnea
1% mortality
Bordetelal pertussis
| Dtap
42
If there is a pertussis epidemic - how early can the vaccine be given?
6 weeks
43
When is Dtap stopped and Tdap recommended ?
Do not given if 7 or older
| should give Tdap at age 7
44
What does Haemophilus influenza cause
```
Sepsis
mengitis
pneumonia
cellulitis
pericarditis
otitis media
```
45
Before this vaccine_____ was given this bacteria ____ was the leading cause of bacterial meningitis in pediatrics
HiB vaccine
| Haemophilus influenza type B
46
PCV 13 protects against what type of infections?
```
S. spnumonia
pneumonia
bacteremia
meningitis
otitis media
```
47
When do you give PPSV23
Age 2 and older
give only to those are risk of invasive pneumoncoccal diease
given after PCV 13 - wait 8 weeks then given PPSV23
48
What is the most common cause of diarrhea in young children prior to the vaccine
Rotavirus
50% went to the ED
1/3 were hospitalized
49
What are all the live vaccines?
Flu- intranasal
MMR
Rotavirus
Varicellla
50
you can not give rotavirus when?
Can NOT start once 15 weeks old
| can NOT give any doses after 8 months old
51
What virus can cause viral meningitis and lead to a paralytic disease
last case reported was 1993
Polio
| IPV- 3 types of poliovirus
52
which oral vaccine was linked to rare cases of polio?
VAPP - previous polio vaccine
53
What are contraindications to Influenza vaccine
< 6 months of age
| live = asthma, chronic pulmonary disease , serious chronic disease, immunocompromised
54
What causes recent Measles outbreaks in the U.S
non-vaccinated travelers
| decline in vaccinations
55
What virus will cause an acute self-limiting nausea, vomiting, fever, jaundice, rarely progresses to acute liver failure
mortality < 1 %
Hepatitis A
56
What vaccine is a reduced dose of diphtheria and pertussis toxoid
Tdap
57
What virus causes warts on the skin and mucous membranes
| what virus is associated with cancers- cervical anogenital and oropharyngeal
HPV - 6, 11
| HPV - 16 & 18
58
This vaccine covers 5 serotypes - A, B, C, W and Y
| which one covers
Mengitis
| Menveo and Menactra
59
What is the combination called - Dtap and IPV
Kinrix
60
What is the combination called - Dtap, Hep B, HiB
Pediatric
61
What is the combination called - Dtap, IPV, HiB
Pentacel
62
What is the combination called- MMRV
ProQuad
