Validity

Question 1

Define validity

Answer 1

• How well a test actually measures what it intends to measure

Question 2

Define internal validity?

Answer 2

• the degree of confidence that the causal relationship being tested is NOT influenced by other factors or variables

Question 3

Define external validity

Answer 3

• whether the results can be generalised beyond the research setting to other contexts (situations, people, settings)

Question 4

What is the difference between ecological and external validity?

Answer 4

• External validity examines whether the study findings can be generalized to other contexts.
• Ecological validity examines, specifically, whether the study findings can be generalized to real-life settings
• Thus ecological validity is a subtype of external validity

Question 5

Name 5 ways you can assess validity?

Answer 5

1. Concurrent validity
2. Predictive validity
3. Population validity
4. Temporal validity
5. Face validity

Question 6

Define concurrent validityc

Answer 6

• The comparison between 2 tests of a particular behaviour.
• With 1 test already established as a valid measure of behaviour.
• The other as a new test
• If the RESULTS of both tests correlate than the new test is VALID

Question 7

Define predictive validity

Answer 7

• The ACCURACY in which a test can predict future behaviour

Question 8

Define population validity

Answer 8

• The extent to which the results of a study can be generalised/ applied to a broader population
• Beyond the sample

Question 9

Define temporal validity

Answer 9

• The validity of findings in relation to the progression of time

Question 10

Define face validity

Answer 10

• The superfical apperance or apparent relevance of a test in measuring what it claims to measure.

Question 11

Name 6 factors that can affect the validity of a study

Answer 11

1. Reliability
2. Subjectivity
3. Demand characteristics
4. Low ecological validity
5. Mundane realism
6. Generalisability