Vanijzendoorn

Question 1

What is the aim of Vanijzendoorn

Answer 1

To look for cross-cultural differences in attachment types

Question 2

What was the sample size of Vanijzendorn

Answer 2

1990

Question 3

How many cultures were involved in Vanijzendoorn

Answer 3

8

Question 4

How many studies were used in Vanijzendoorn?

Answer 4

32

Question 5

What method was vanijzendoorn?

Answer 5

Meta-analysis

Question 6

What study method was vanijzendoorn looking at across cultures?

Answer 6

Strange Situation

Question 7

What filters were put in place to select the studies in Vanijzendoorn?

Answer 7

only mothers and children, samples had to be larger than 35, no SEN kids and only studies looking at the 3 types of attachment

Question 8

What was the most common type of attachment around the world-every culture (in all but 1 study)?

Answer 8

Secure

Question 9

Which culture had the highest rate of secure children?

Answer 9

Great Britain (75%)

Question 10

Which culture had the lowest rate of secure children?

Answer 10

China (50%)

Question 11

Which culture had the highest rate of avoidant children?

Answer 11

West Germany (35.3%)

Question 12

Which culture had the lowest rate of avoidant children?

Answer 12

Japan (5.2%)

Question 13

Which culture had the lowest rate of resistant children?

Answer 13

Great Britain (2.8%)

Question 14

Which culture had the highest rate of resistant children?

Answer 14

Israel (28.8%)

Question 15

Which culture had the highest rate of resistant children?

Answer 15

Israel (28.8%)

Question 16

The difference within cultures was greater than the difference between cultures?

Answer 16

True- 1.5x greater

Question 17

The strange situation procedure used by Vanijzendoorn is ethnocentric?

Answer 17

True- It is a westernised procedure and has been theorised not to work in Japan

Question 18

What is a strength of the sample of Vanijzendoorn?

Answer 18

It included 8 different cultures so we can say it isn’t ethnocentric

Question 19

Which of these is a problem with the sample of Vanijzendoorn?

Answer 19

Despite using 8 cultures there is still an imbalance i.e. collectivist vs individualistic AND it only included mothers

Question 20

A problem with a meta-analysis?

Answer 20

Publication bias of the chosen studies

Question 21

What effect do the filters have on the validity of this study?

Answer 21

Makes it more valid as it eliminates evs e.g. learning disabilities, relationships with others etc

Question 22

Kagan criticised Ainsworth saying

Answer 22

Attachment type is due to a child’s temperament rather than parental behavious

Question 23

Main and Solomon criticised Ainsworth saying

Answer 23

There is at least one other type of attachment (disorganised) so her study/theory ignores this

Question 24

What is a strength of Strange Situation for reliablity?

Answer 24

It can be replicated to test for reliability in the results about attachment types because it is standardised with the same 8 steps for each child

Question 25

Is Vanijzendoorn reliable?

Answer 25

Yes the meta-analysis procedure and the filters etc are replicable because they are standardised

Question 26

What is a weakness of conducting the strange situation as a structured observation?

Answer 26

It is low in ecological validity because the situation the children are in is artificial and might not apply to how they'd really be separated from mother

Question 27

The study was a controlled environment (in the artifical playroom) we controlled meaning?

Answer 27

It is more valid as situational variables like the setting and stranger behaviour don't influence the children's behaviour

Question 28

Which EV might effect the results on this study about attachment type

Answer 28

whether the child is used to being with others i.e. going to daycare

Question 29

What is the main ethical issue we could say about Ainsworth?

Answer 29

Protection from harm as the babies were upset by their mother leaving