Variation and classification

Question 0

A gene is the basic unit of ……………….

Answer 0

Chromosomes

Question 1

Genetic variation comes from……….

Answer 1

Genes

Question 2

Genes are responsible for our characteristics such as eye colour, hair colour etc. we inherit our genes from our parents in the ……………. and ……………..

Answer 2

Sperm

Egg

Question 3

Our genes are found on structures called ……………… inside the nucleus of every cell.

Answer 3

Chromosomes

Question 4

What is a gene?

Answer 4

A segment of DNA

Question 5

An example of environmental variation

Answer 5

If you don’t get enough food you won’t be as tall. If a plant doesn’t get enough light, it can’t grow well.

Question 6

Odd one out and why?

Height. Weight. Can roll tongue

Answer 6

Can roll tongue

It is only affected by genetic factors- the others are influenced by environmental and genetic factors too.

Question 7

Odd one out and why?

Hair colour. Gender. Skin colour

Answer 7

Gender

It is only affected by genetic factors. The others are affected by environmental and genetic factors.

Question 8

Odd one out and why?

Aggressive Horns Resistant to diesese

Answer 8

Horns

It is only affected by genetic factors. The others are affected by environmental and genetic factors.

Question 9

Odd one out and why?

Accent. Blood group Suntan

Answer 9

Blood group

It is affected by only genetic factors. The others are affected by only environmental factors.

Question 10

What is the plant kingdom? (4 key things)

Answer 10

Organisms that make their own food from air, water sunlight and minerals in the soil

Body contains cellulose for support

Green (contains chlorophyll)

Stays in one place

Does

Question 11

What is the animal kingdom (4 key things)

Answer 11

Cannot make their own food (eat plants and animals)

Body does not contain cellulose

Not green (does not have chlorophyll)

Move about

Question 12

Vertebrates

Name the five groups

Answer 12

Birds
Fish
Mammals
Reptiles
Amphibians

Question 13

Fish (4)

Answer 13

Have gills
Scales
Fins
Cold blooded

Question 14

Birds (5)

Answer 14

Have wings
Beak
Feathers
Lay eggs with brittle shells
Warm blooded

Question 15

Amphibians (4)

Answer 15

Have moist skin
Live on water and land
Breathe in through their skin in water
Cold blooded

Question 16

Mammals (3)

Answer 16

Have hair
Give brith to live young
Warm blooded

Question 17

Reptiles (3)

Answer 17

Have dry scaly skin
Lay eggs with tough shells
Cold blooded

Question 36

What is a link between genetic variables called and what does it mean

Answer 36

A correlation

When the value of one variable changes the other changes in an expected (predictable) way ie in magnitude (how much) and direction (increase or decrease).

Question 37

What is ‘variation’?

Answer 37

The differences between members of the same species.

Question 38

Where are genes located?

Answer 38

On chromosomes in the nucleus of the cell.

Question 39

What is a vertebrate?

Answer 39

An animal with a backbone (cartilage or bone).

Question 40

What are Arthropods(3)

Answer 40

An invertebrate animal
with segmented bodies and
hollow jointed legs

=Insect, spider or crustacean

Question 41

Odd one out and why?

Hair length, arm length, eye colour

Answer 41

Eye colour. It is only affected by genetic factors. The other two are affected by genetic and environmental factors.

Question 42

What is a species?

Answer 42

A group of organisms with similar features that are capable of interbreeding and producing fertile offspring.

Question 43

What is variation caused by?

Answer 43

Genetic and environmental factors

Question 44

What are the 7 invertebrate groups?

Answer 44

``` Annelids Molluscs Echinodermata Crustaceans Insects Arachnida Myriapods ```

Question 45

What are the features of annelids (2) | and give an example

Answer 45

Long body divided into segments, bristles called chaetae Eg earth worm

Question 46

What are the features of molluscs (2) and give an example

Answer 46

Soft body with shell, live in water and on land Eg snail, cockles, (and octopus and squid are cephalopod molluscs)

Question 47

What are Echinoderms? (3)

Answer 47

Star-shaped body, tough, spiny skin, live in water Eg star fish and sea urchins

Question 48

What are insects (5) and examples?

Answer 48

Body divided into 3 sections:head, thorax and abdomen 3 pairs of jointed legs Antennae Body covered by a hard case-like outer skeleton Eg ladybird, butterfly, fly, wasp, praying mantis, cockroach, beetle, locust

Question 49

What are the features of arachnids (4) and give an example

Answer 49

Body divided into 2 sections 4 pairs of jointed legs Antennae Body covered by a hard outer skeleton Eg spiders and scorpions

Question 50

What are Myriapods (4) and an example?

Answer 50

Body divided into lots of sections Very many pairs of jointed legs Antennae Body covered by a hard outer skeleton Eg centipedes and millipedes

Question 51

Why do scientists classify plants and animals

Answer 51

There are millions of different species so it's difficult to name and describe them individually so they are classified into groups similar features