Variety Of Living Organism

Question 1

Plants

Answer 1

• have a cell wall made of cellulose
• starch is often found in a plant cell
• multicellular
• sucrose is transported around the plant and is sometimes stored in fruits
• contain chloroplast
• carry out photosynthesis

Question 2

Animals (9)

Answer 2

• lack cell walls
• cells can change shape
• gain their nutrition feeding on other animals
• cells do not contain chloroplasts
• unable to photosynthesise
• multiple organisms
• store carbohydrate in their cells as the compound glycogen
• includes organisms such as sponges, molluscs, worms, starfish, insects and crustaceans
• fish, amphibians, reptiles, birds and mammals are all vertebrates

Question 3

Fungi (6)

Answer 3

• one group is yeast (unicellular)
• live on the surface of fruits, in soil and even dust
• cells do not contain chloroplasts so cannot photosynthesise
• cells have cell walls but they are made of chitin not cellulose
• multicellular
• includes mushrooms and toadstools

Question 4

Protoctists

Answer 4

• most are single-felled organisms
• some look like animal cells like AMOEBA, they are known as PROTOZOA
• others have chloroplasts (algae) and carry out photosynthesis
• mixed group of organisms that don’t fit into the plant, animal or fungi

Question 5

Bacteria

Answer 5

• 3 types: spheres, rods and spirals
• carries out all the life processes
• surrounded by a cell wall that protects the bacterium and keeps the shape of the cell
• some species have another layer outside this wall called a capsule or slime layer
• single called organisms are much smaller than animal, plant or protoctists’ cells
• some bacteria contain chlorophyll in their cytoplasm and carry out photosynthesis
• but most acteurs feed off of other living or dead organisms
• some bacteria can swim and are propelled through water by FLAGELLA

Question 6

Virus

Answer 6

• some live in cells of animals or plants
• no nucleus or cytoplasm
• viruses do not feed, respire, excrete, move or grow
• parasites can only reproduce inside living cells
• it enters the cell and takes over the host’s genetic machinery to make more virus particles
• after many have been made, the host cell dies and the particles are released to infect more cells