Various

Question 1

What are the shockable ECG rhythms?

Answer 1

Pulseless ventricular fibrillation and ventricular tachycardia

Question 2

What are the non shockable ECG rhythms?

Answer 2

asystole and pulseless electrical activity

Question 3

What do you administer to a patient with an unshockable ECG rhythm and how much?

Answer 3

adrenaline - 1mg

Question 4

How do you calculate the HR on an ECG?

Answer 4

300 divided by the number of large squares between each R wave

Question 5

What should the PR interval be?

Answer 5

less that 0.2 seconds/5 small squares

Question 6

What should the QRS compelx be?

Answer 6

less than 0.12 seconds (3 small squares)

Question 7

What shows up black on an Xray?

Answer 7

Gas

Question 8

What shows up dark grey on an Xray?

Answer 8

fat

Question 9

What shows up light grey on an Xray?

Answer 9

soft tissue and fluid

Question 10

what shows up white on an xray?

Answer 10

bone/calcification

Question 11

what shows up intense white on an xray?

Answer 11

metal

Question 12

What are inappropriate sites/contraindications of venupuncture?

Answer 12

Oedematous or cellulitic areas, haematoma, scarred area, same area/arm as transfusion or infusion, arm on side of previous mastectomy, AV fistula or vascular grafts

Question 13

What are you looking for in urinalysis?

Answer 13

Protein, glucose, ketones, nitrites, blood, leucocytes, bilirubin, pH and specific gravity

Question 14

When should urine be tested and from what part of the stream?

Answer 14

mid stream and within 15 minutes of collecting sample

Question 15

What might a UTI show on urinalysis?

Answer 15

nitrites and leucocytes

Question 16

What are the main sies for IM injection and how much can be administered there?

Answer 16

Deltoid - 1ml Dorsal gluteal - 4ml Vastus lateralis - 5ml (fast) Ventral gluteal - 2.5ml

Question 17

Answer 17

bladder

Question 18

Answer 18

caecum and ascending colon

Question 19

Answer 19

descending colon

Question 20

Answer 20

kidneys

Question 21

Answer 21

Large bowel dilatation

Question 22

Answer 22

Liver

Question 23

Answer 23

pneumoperitoneum

Question 24

Answer 24

psoas muscles

Question 25

Answer 25

Riglers sign - where both sides of the bowel wall become visible because of the free gas surrounding the bowel

Question 26

Answer 26

small bowel dilatation

Question 27

Answer 27

Spleen

Question 28

Answer 28

Stomach

Question 29

What is the blood tube order of draw?

Answer 29

Blood culture Light blue - sodiumcitrate red - no additive (rarely used) Gold Green (heparinised) Purple - EDTA Pink (cross-match) Grey (fluoride oxalate) Dark blue

Question 30

What dose of oxygen and what device would you give in cardiac or respiratory arrest?

Answer 30

100% 02 using non rebreather

Question 31

What dose of oxygen and what device would you give in hypoxaemia with a paCO2 less than 5.3kPa?

Answer 31

40-60% with a simple face mask

Question 32

How do you measure fundal height?

Answer 32

From pubic symphysis to highest fundal point

Answer 33

Vitilligo

Question 34

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Answer 34

Telengectasia

Question 35

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Answer 35

Glossitis and angular stomatitis - fe deficiency

Question 36

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Answer 36

BCC with pearling and telengectasia

Question 37

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Answer 37

Urticaria

Question 38

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Answer 38

SCC

Question 39

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Answer 39

Acitinic keratoses

Question 40

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Answer 40

A = splinter haemmorhages B = oncholysis with pitting in psoriasis C = beaus lines

Question 41

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Answer 41

Target lesions of Steven-Johnsons syndrome

Question 42

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Answer 42

Malignant melanoma

Question 43

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Answer 43

thyroid acropachy

Question 44

Answer 44

Grade 1 hypertensive retinopathy - increased tortuosity of retinal vessel and silver wiring

Question 45

Answer 45

Grade 2 hypertensive retinopathy double arrow: increased toruosity and silver wiring single arrow: AV nipping

Question 46

Answer 46

Grade 3 hypertensive retinopathy: same as grade 2 but also flame shaped retinal haemmorhages and cotton wool spots

Question 47

Answer 47

Grade 4 hypertensive retinopathy: papillodema, hard exudates around the fovea (macula star), retinal oedema

Question 48

Answer 48

Arrow showing site of stenosis in circumflex coronary artery LM: left main LAD: left anterior descending

Question 49

Answer 49

CXR of Heart Failure Patchy widespread consolidation Kerly B Lines Cardiomegaly

Question 50

Answer 50

Erythema nodosum

Question 51

Answer 51

Asterixis in CO2 retention

Question 52

Answer 52

Consolidation and cavitation in both upper zones (TB)

Question 53

Answer 53

Collapsed middle right lobe - straight line showing the collapsed lobe

Question 54

Answer 54

Right upper lobe consolidation containing air bronchograms

Question 55

Answer 55

CT thorax showing dilated bronchioles of bronchiectasis

Question 56

Answer 56

Left pleural effusion

Question 57

Answer 57

CT thorax showing left lung cancer

Question 58

Answer 58

Question 59

Answer 59

Question 60

Why do you get palmar erythema and spider naevi in liver disease?

Answer 60

Increased oestrogen levels due to decreased breakdown of sex steroids