Vascular

Question 1

Signs of Chronic venous insuficiency

Answer 1

Brown pigmentation (haemosiderin)
Lipodermatosclerosis (champagne bottle legs)
Eczema

Can lead to venous ulces

Question 2

Arterial ulcers generally occur on a background of..

Answer 2

Peripheral arterial disease

Question 3

Neuropathic ulcers is more common in patients with..

Answer 3

Diabetes

Question 4

First line treatment for patients with PAD (peripheral arterial disease)

Answer 4

Clopidogrel

Question 5

Severe PAD or critical limb ischaemia may be treated by..

Answer 5

Angioplasty
Stenting
Bypass surgery

Question 6

When should amputation be used for critical limb ischaemia

Answer 6

Used for those who are not suitable for other interventions (angioplasty or bypass surgery)

Question 7

What drug is used in patients with PAD and a poor quality of life

Answer 7

Naftidrofuryl oxalate

Question 8

ABPI value of >1 can indicate..

Answer 8

Vessel calcificaiton

Commonly seen in diabetics

Question 9

ABPI results - what do they mean?

Answer 9

> 1.2: may indicate calcified, stiff arteries. This may be seen with advanced age or PAD
1.0 - 1.2: normal
0.9 - 1.0: acceptable
< 0.9: likely PAD. Values < 0.5 indicate severe disease which should be referred urgently

Question 10

Treatment of ulcers with ABPI >= 0.8

Answer 10

Compression bandages (venous ulcers)

Question 11

ABPI definition

Answer 11

Ratio of the systolic blood pressure in the lower leg to that in the arms. Lower blood pressure in the legs (result in a ABPI < 1) is an indicator of peripheral arterial disease (PAD)

Useful in evaluating patients with suspected PAD