Vascular Disorders

Question 1

Localized dilation of an artery caused by a congenital or acquired weakness in the wall of the vessel. The acquired causes may be arteriosclerosis, trauma, infection, and/or inflammation.

Answer 1

Aneurysm

Question 2

Disease in which the arterial walls become thickened and lose their elasticity, without the presence of atheromas.

Answer 2

Arteriosclerosis

Question 3

Form of arteriosclerosis in which medium and large arteries have atheromas, which can reduce or obstruct blood flow. Patients with peripheral atherosclerosis complain of intermittent claudication.

Answer 3

Atherosclerosis

Question 4

Varicose veins that appear at the lower end of the esophagus as a result of portal hypertension; they are superficial and may cause ulceration and bleeding.

Answer 4

Esophageal Varices

Question 5

Varicose condition of the external or internal rectal veins that causes painful swellings at the anus.

Answer 5

Hemorrhoid

Question 6

Condition of high or elevated BP, also known as arterial hypertension; occurs in two forms-primary (or essential) hypertension, which has no identifiable cause; and secondary hypertension, which occurs in response to another disorder. Malignant hypertension is very high BP that results in organ damage.

Answer 6

Hypertension (HTN)

Question 7

Condition of below normal BP. Orthostatic hypotension occurs when a patient experiences an episode of low BP upon rising to a standing position.

Answer 7

Hypotension

Question 8

Blockage of blood flow to the extremities. Acute or chronic conditions may be present, but patients with both types of conditions are likely to have underlying atherosclerosis. Occlusion means blockage

Answer 8

Peripheral Arterial Occlusion

Question 9

Any vasculea disorder limited to the extremities; may affect not only the arteries and veins but also the lymphatics

Answer 9

Peripheral Vascular Disease (PVD)

Question 10

Idiopathic disease- that is, of unknown casue- of the peripheral vascular system that causes intermittent cyanosis/erythema of the distal ends of the fingers and toes, sometimes accompanied by numbness; occurs almost exclusively in young women. Presentation is bilateral. Raynaud phenomenon is secondary to rheumatoid arthritis, scleroderma, or trauma. Presentation is unilateral.

Answer 10

Raynaud Disease

Question 11

Inflammation of either deep veins (deep vein thrombosis, or DVT) or superficial veins (superficial vein thrombosis, or SVT) with the formation of one or more blood clots.

Answer 11

Thrombophlebitis

Question 12

Elongated, dilated superficial veins (varices) with incompetent valves that permit reverse blood flow. These veins may appear in various parts of the anatomy, but the term varicose vein has been reserved for those in the lower extremities.

Answer 12

Varicose Veins

Question 13

Inflammation of the blood vessels, Also called angiitis.

Answer 13

Vasculitis