Vascular Tumors

Question 1

most common benign tumors of childhood

may appear at birth or at 2 weeks to months of age

dull, red, dome shaped, 1-60mm in diameter

lesions have sharp borders; they are soft and easily compressed

Answer 1

Strawberry hemangioma

Question 2

most common site of INFANTILE HEMANGIOMA

Answer 2

Head and neck (60%)

Extremity

Question 3

involution

INFANTILE HEMANGIOMA

Answer 3

30% resolve by the third year, 50% by age 5, and 70% by age of 7.

Question 4

INFANTILE HEMANGIOMA

period of greatest growth is the

Answer 4

5 months

Question 5

INFANTILE HEMANGIOMA

skin may appear normal (No Scarring) after involution, but more commonly

Answer 5

atrophy, telangiectasia, or anetoderma-type redundancy is present.

Question 6

___% of hemangiomas may occur in association with structural malformations

Answer 6

7

Question 7

PHACE syndrome

Posterior fossa brain malformations

Hemangiomas

Arterial anomalies

Coarctation of the aorta and cardiac defects

Eye abnormalities

asoociated with

Answer 7

INFANTILE HEMANGIOMA

Question 8

Multiple hemangiomas, usually 1–10 mm in size

appear in the first few weeks to months of life

purely cutaneous

generally involute without sequelae

Answer 8

Benign Neonatal Hemangiomas

Question 9

visceral lesions may be present in the CNS, lungs, liver, or other organs

Answer 9

Diffuse neonatal Hemangiomatosis

Question 10

complications may occur, such as gastrointestinal or CNS bleeding, high-output cardiac failure, obstructive jaundice, or respiratory failure
hemangioma type

Answer 10

Diffuse neonatal Hemangiomatosis

Question 11

associated with occult spinal dysraphism

Answer 11

Flat Lumbar Hemangiomas

Question 12

Indications for Removal

hemangioma

Answer 12

Cosmetic

Severe Hemorrhage
Thrombocytopenia

Threatened cardiovascular compromise from high output cardiac failure

Nasal or auditory canal obstruction
Obstruction of vision

Skin ulceration

Threatened interference with vital functions such as feeding, respiration, passage of urine or stool, limb function, tissue destruction or vision\

permanent disfigurement

Question 13

tx infantile hemangioma

Answer 13

Intralesional steroids or oral prednisone 23mg/kg/day (high dose) (response in 3-1 days in 30% for) for 30-90 days

Propanolol

Recombinant interfern-2a or 2b units/day for 6-10 months

Cryotherapy
Laser ablation
excision

Question 14

Senile angiomas, de Morgan spots

Answer 14

CHERRY ANGIOMAS

Question 15

most common vascular anomalies

“Wart-like”

round, slightly elevated, 0.5–6 mm diameter, ruby-red papules

Most are on the trunk; they are rarely seen on the hands, feet, or face.

Found in adults

Answer 15

CHERRY ANGIOMAS

Question 16

CHERRY ANGIOMAS

tx

Answer 16

Light electrodessication

laser ablation

Question 17

a small, eruptive, usually solitary, sessile pedunculated, raspberry-like vegetation exuberant granulation tissue

Answer 17

PYOGENIC GRANULOMA

Question 18

proud-flesh” with a dull red color

Friable papule

Answer 18

PYOGENIC GRANULOMA

Question 19

sites

PYOGENIC GRANULOMA

Answer 19

hands, forearms, or face, or at sites of trauma

mouth, especially on the gingiva, most often in pregnant women (granuloma gravidarum)

sole of the foot or nailbed



especially those who are taking isotretinoin – ask the drug history of the patient

Question 20

most common complaint

PYOGENIC GRANULOMA

Answer 20

Bleed easily

Question 21

tx

PYOGENIC GRANULOMA

Answer 21

curettage or shave excision

destruction of the base by fulguration or silver nitrate

Question 22

vascular spider, spider nevus, nevus araneus

Answer 22

SPIDER ANGIOMA

Question 23

lesion is suggestive of a red spider

The ascending central arteriole represents the “body” of the spider, and the radiating fine vessels are suggestive of the multiple legs

Answer 23

SPIDER

ANGIOMA

Question 24

SPINDER ANGIOMA

Common in

Answer 24

young children and pregnant women

Question 25

tx | SPINDER ANGIOMA

Answer 25

Electrodessication Laser treatment Cauterization at the base of the lesion

Question 26

Common in connective tissue diseases dilated cutaneous blood vessel—venule, capillary, or arteriole fine, linear vessels coursing on the surface of the skin

Answer 26

TELANGIECTASIA

Question 27

Telangiectases can be found in such conditions as:

Answer 27

Radiodermatitis xeroderma pigmentosum lupus erythematosus dermatomyositis scleroderma and the CREST syndrome rosacea cirrhosis of the liver acquired (AIDS) immunodeficiency syndrome poikiloderma basal cell carcinoma necrobiosis lipoidica diabeticorum sarcoid lupus vulgaris adenoma sebaceum keloid angioma serpiginosum angiokeratoma corporis diffusum ataxia-telangiectasia

Question 28

this is a condition wherein there is variation in veins and appears over a large segment of the body sudden appearance of multiple telangiectasia on a large part of the body or distributed over an extremities this is not associated with systemic disease but the lesion does not disappear common in women you can do laser to remove the veins

Answer 28

ataxia-telangiectasia

Question 29

Altered capillary patterns on the fingernail folds (cuticular telangiectases) are indicative of

Answer 29

collagen vascular disease, such as lupus erythematosus, scleroderma, or dermatomyositis

Question 30

appearance of multiple telangiectasia in the large surface of the body it can be distributed over the entire body or localized in one area not associated with systemic diseases most frequently seen in women (>40 years old) lesions persist indefinitely unless you do laser

Answer 30

Generalized Central Telangiectasia

Question 31

autosomal dominant telangiectasia

Answer 31

Hereditary type Telangiectasia

Question 32

telangiectasia | tx

Answer 32

Electrodessication and laser ablation Contact or cryospray cooling ``` Pulse stacking (multiple pulses of low fluences) Tetracycline and Ketoconazole ```

Question 33

tx for | Generalized type of telangiectasia

Answer 33

Tetracycline and Ketoconazole

Question 34

used to reduce the incidence of side effects, such as purpura, hyperpigmentation, hypopigmentation, and scar formation. telangiectasia

Answer 34

Pulse stacking (multiple pulses of low fluences)

Question 35

reduce the incidence of complications | Telangiectasia

Answer 35

Contact or cryospray cooling