Vasculitis Flashcards
(40 cards)
What is vasculitis?
Name of inflammation of blood vessels
How is vasculitis categorized?
On whether small, medium or large vessels are affected
Types of vasculitis which affects small vessels?
- Henoch-Schonlein purpura
- Eosinophilic granulomatosis + polyangitis
- Microscopic polyangitis
- Granulomatosis + polyangitis
What is Eosinophilic granulomatosis + polyangitis AKA?
Churg-Strauss syndrome
Another name for granulomatosis & polyangitis?
Wegner’s granulomatosis
Vasculitis affecting medium vessels?
- Polyarteritis nodosa
- Eosinophilic granulomatosis + polyangitis
- Kawasaki disease
Vasculitis affecting large vessels?
- Giant cell arteritis
- Takayosu’s arteritis
Presnetation of vasculitis?
- Purpura
- Joint & muscle pain
- Peripheral neuropathy
- Renal impairment
- GI disturbance
- Anterior uveitis & sclertis
- HT
- Fatigue, fever, wt loss, anorexia, anaemia
Investigation of vasculitis?
- Inflamm markers (ESR, CRP)
- ANCA
What is the big marker for vasculitis?
ANCA
What does ANCA stand for?
Anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic ABs
How many types of ANCA are there?
2 types
p-ANCA
c-ANCA
What is p-ANCA associated with?
Microscopic polyangitis + Churg Strauss syndrome
c-ANCA associated with?
Wegner’s granulomatosis
Usual treatment of vasculitis?
Steroids
Immunosuppression
What type of steroids do you use for vasculitis?
Oral (prednisolone)
IV (Hydrocortisone)
Nasal spray
What is Henoch-Schonken Purpura (HSP)?
IgA Vasculitis
Who usually gets HSP?
Children under 10 years
Why does inflammation occur in HSP?
Due to IgA deposits in blood vessels of organs affected (skin, kidneys, GI tract)
What is HSP triggered by?
Upper airway infection or gastroenteritis
What is the rash in HSP caused by?
Inflammation & leaking of blood from small blood vessels under skin= purpura
Presentation of HSP?
- Purpuric rash affecting lower limbs & buttocks on children
- Joint pain
- Abdo pain
- Renal involvement
- IgA nephritis
Management of HSP?
Supportive- analgesia, rest, hydration
What is eosinophilic Granulomatosis with polyangitis?
- Used to be called Churg-Strauss syndrome
- Small/medium vessel vasculitis