VASCULITIS Flashcards
(24 cards)
What is other name of giant cell arteritis
Temporal arteritis
Define giant cell arteritis
Giant cell arteritis is a granulomatous large vessel vasculitis of aorta and its branches with predilection for temporal artery
GCA affects what arteries
GCA affects cranial branches of aortic arch
Superficial temporal arteries (most common)
Opthalmic arteries
Most common arteries affected by GCA
Superficial temporal arteries
GCA affects what age group? And in which gender it is predominant
It is a disease of elderly (>50 yrs)
Femal predominance
SYMPTOMS OF GCA affecting temporal artery
Ipsilateral headache
Tender artery and scalp
Absent TA pulse
Symptoms of GCA affecting opthalmic artery
Optic neuritis
Diplopia
Amaurosis fugax
Blindness
Symptom OF GCA affecting facial arteries
Jaw claudication( pain on chewing due to ischemia of masseter muscle
Diagnosis of GCA is based on
Clinical features
Elevated ESR
Prompt response to steroid
Lab findings of GCA
Elevated ESR - typical lab abnormality
Elevated CRP
Normocytic,normochromic anemia
Temporal artery biopsy
Most accurate investigation for GCA
Temporal artery biopsy
TREATMENT FOR PMR
Low dose steroids (20-30 mg/day)
Treatment for GCA
High dose steroids (60-80 mg/day)
Then taper slowly
Define takayasu arteritis
Granulomatous large vessel vasculitis affecting aorta and its branches
Takayasu arteritis commonly affects which arteries
Subclavian and innominate arteries (>90%)
Also affects coronary,carotid,renal and pulmonary arteries
Age of onset of takayasu arteritis
< 50 yrs (25-30 yrs)
Clinical features of takayasu arteritis
LOSS OF PULSE IN UPPER EXTREMITIES
SYSTOLIC BP DIFFERENCE > 10 mm Hg between arms
Bruit over subclavian arteries and aorta
Visual field defects and retinal hemorrhages
Diagnosis of takayasu arteritis
Anemia normocytic normochromic
Elevated ESR
ARTERIOGRAPHY (ANGIOGRAPHY)–>MOST ACCURATE TEST -> it shows occlusion,stenosis irregularity & aneurysms
Arteriography classifies the takayasu arteritis into how many types?
Into 4 types
Type 1 -> localized to aorta and its branches
Type 2-> localized to descending thoracic & abdominal aorta
Type 3-> combines features of tyle 1 & 2
Type 4 -> involves pulmonary artery
Treatment of takayasu arteritis
High dose steroids+ immunosuppressants( azothiaprine+ methotrexate)
Anti TNF -> second line agent
Aspirin
Surgical revascularization
Another name of kawasaki diseasw
Mucocutaneous lymph node syndrome
Most common vasculitis in children
Kawasaki disease in children less than 4 yrs old
Definition of kawasaki diseasw
It is necrotising vasculitis involving medium sized vessels most commonly coronary arteries
Most common arteries involved in kawasaki disease
Coronary arteries
