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Vedic Culture Flashcards

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1
Q

from where and when did aryans come to India

A

north west 2000bce

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2
Q

Where is it generally believed that aryans are from

A

Caspian sea region of central asia

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3
Q

who were the natives that the aryans met when they came to the indian subcontinent

A

Daysus

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4
Q

Where did the Aryans settle

A

on the banks of river sindhu in the saptu sindhu region

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5
Q

Sapta sindhu means and name the seven rivers

A

region of 7 rivers
Jhelum
Chenab
Bias
Ravi
Sutlej
Saraswati
Drishadwati

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6
Q

What is the meaning of Aryan

A

Noble/Master/a person dependent on agriculture

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7
Q

what is the sacred book of aryans

A

Vedas

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8
Q

Derivation of veda

A

Sanskrit word vid
means knowledge

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9
Q

4 Vedas

A

Rigveda
Yajurveda
Samaveda
Atharvaveda

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10
Q

1st veda

A

Rigveda

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11
Q

What is the period of the 1st veda called

A

Early vedic age/ rigvedic age

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12
Q

What is the period of the other three ages called

A

Later vedic age/epic age

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13
Q

What were the aryan tribes called

A

Janas

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14
Q

What was the head of the tribe called

A

Rajan

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15
Q

What was the smallest unit of administration

A

Grama

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16
Q

what is the generally accepted time period of the early vedic age

A

1800-1000bce

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17
Q

What is the generally accepted time period of the later vedic age

A

1000-500bce

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18
Q

what are the two vedic ages

A

rigvedic/early vedic
epic/later vedic

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19
Q

2 great epics

A

Ramayana
Mahabharata

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20
Q

Who wrote Ramayana

A

Valmiki

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21
Q

Who wrote Mahabharata

A

Ved Vyasa

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22
Q

Manusmriti is_____

A

Code of Conduct of hindus

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23
Q

name the dharma shastras(smriti)(3)

A

Manusmriti
Naradasmriti
Vishnusmriti

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24
Q

what are the 4 ashrams of Manusmriti(4)

A

Bramhacharya
Grihastha
Vanaprastha
Sanyas

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25
grihastha means
Married man
26
Vanaprastha means
Retired life in the forest after abandoning home
27
Sanyas means
Life of Complete renunciation
28
in the later vedic age kingdoms were divided into(3)
Gopas, Vishayas, Gramas
29
Sabha means
Group of Elders
30
Samithi means
Group of Experts
31
political life in early vedic age(5)
1hereditary monarchy 2King was head of tribe, called rajan 3assisted by purohita, sangraharti,senapati,vispathis(in charge of group of villages),gramanis(head of villages), etc 4Two assemblies-Samithi and Sabha 5King was last resort to Justice
32
Political life in later vedic age(8)
1Heriditary monarchy 2Council of ministers supported king in administration 3brahamas became powerful 4Military was organized -cavalry, infantry, etc. 5Navy became important 6weapons improvised 7Winning became more important objective 8 important kingdoms-kuru, panchala, kashi, videha, vidharbha
33
Who was the head of the family
Eldest male member
34
What was the head of the family called
Grihapathi/Kulapathi
35
Women scholars in early vedic age(3) who composed hyms
Vishwavara Ghosha Apala
36
WHat was social division called
Chaturvarnas
37
What were the Chaturvarnas
Brahamanas Kshatriya Vaishya Shudra
38
Brahmacharya means
Student life
39
What were the intoxicating drinks used during religious and festive occasions(2)
Soma and Sutra
40
What did the clothes of Aryans in later vedic age consist(3)
Vastra Adivastra Nivi
41
What were the important musical instruments in later vedic age(4)
Nagari Dundhubhi veena flute
42
What was cultivated land called in rigvedic age
Kshetra
43
What was nishka
A piece of gold
44
what is vedic religion also known as
Sanatana Dharma hinduism brahmanical religion [one of the oldest religions still practised]
45
list the Purusharthas(4)
Dharma Artha Kama Moksha
46
Moksha means
Salvation
47
List the paths in later vedic ages(4)
Bhakti Jnana Karma Yoga
48
Sacred books of Hindus(4)
Vedas upanishads Puranas Smrithis
49
Where was education imparted(4)
Gurukulas Pathashalas Agraharas Ghatikas
50
Education commenced with a cermony called
Upanayanam
51
Important women scholars(4)
Gargi Maitreyi Shashwati Lopamudra
52
Which calender was followed
Lunar
53
Social life in early vedic age(12)
Joint family Monogamy(polygamy in royals) Patriarchal society Women respected Educated women-Apala, ghosha, Vishwavara composed hymn Administrated province Associated men with sacrifice no idea of child marriage no idea of sati widow remmariage allowed people identified based on occupation-brahmanas, kshatriyas,vaishyas, Shudras varnas flexible
54
Brahmanas means
Priests
55
Kshatriyas means
Nobility, warriers
56
Vaishya means
Farmers, traders, artisans
57
Shudras means
Tenant famers, Servants or menial works
58
panchanamas means
Untouchables
59
Social life in later vedic age(7)
Patriarchal society polygamy and polyandry life divided into ashramas Women lost place in society child marriage sati widow remarriage discouraged people discriminated on the basis of occupation varnas hereditary
60
Religious life in later vedic age(6)
Worshipped gods Rituals became complex Rama, krishna, vishnu, etc Image worship came into existance believed in rebirth, transmigration brahmas dominated society cows sacred evil worship, black magic
61
Early vedic age religious life(11)
Nature worshippers Conducted sacrifices-soma and sutra[intoxicating drinks] Rituals and ceremonies not costly hymns composed Idol worship unknown polytheists animals like buffaloes, rams, bulls and even cows sometimes sacrificed offered milk, ghee,grains, wine, fruits, etc prayed to terrestrial gods like prithvi, agni,brihaspathi(prayer) prayed to atmospheric gods like Indra,vayu, rudra Prayed to Celestial gods(sky or outer space) gods like Varuna(vault of heaven), Dyaus(the sky),m surya, etc
62
important kingdoms in later vedic age(5)
kuru, panchala, kashi, videha, vidharbha
63
Heirarchy of kings(7) in later vedic age
Raja Maharaja Rajadhiraja Ekrat Virat Samrat Chakravarthi
64
3 yagas in later vedic age
Rajasuya Ashwamedha Vajapeya
65
Early vedic age economic conditions(6)
aryans in villages agriculture chief occupation cattle rearing, carpentry, pottery, weaving trade limited cattle=wealth barter system
66
Later vedic economic conditions(7)
villages to cities eg-hastinapur, indraprastha, kousambi agriculture chief occupation trade and commerce gained importance inland and maritime trade cotton silk traded barter system and nishka used
67
integral part of vedic religion
varnas, ashramas, purusharthas

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