Vegetative Terminology

Question 1

Abaxial

Answer 1

the side away from the axis

Question 2

Acuminate

Answer 2

gradually tapering to a sharp point and forming concave sides along the tip

Question 3

Acute

Answer 3

tapering to a pointed apex with more or less straight lines

Question 4

Adaxial

Answer 4

the side towards the axis

Question 5

Adventitious

Answer 5

structures or organs developing in an unusual position, as roots originating on the stem

Question 6

Aerial Roots

Answer 6

roots occurring above ground or water

Question 7

Alternate Leaf Arrangment

Answer 7

leaves borne singly at each node

Question 8

Apical Meristem

Answer 8

undifferentiated, actively dividing tissues growing at the tips of shoots and roots

Question 9

Axil

Answer 9

the point of the upper angle formed between the axis of a steam and any part (usually a leaf) arising from it

Question 10

Blade

Answer 10

the board part of a leaf or petal

Question 11

Bud

Answer 11

undeveloped shoot or flower

Question 12

Bulb

Answer 12

an underground bud with thickened fleshy scales, as in the onion

Question 13

Caudex

Answer 13

the persistent often wody base of a herbaceous perennial

Question 14

Cladode

Answer 14

under cladophyll, a steam with the form and function of a leaf

Question 15

Compound Leafe

Answer 15

a leaf separated into two or more distinct leaflets

Question 16

Cordate

Answer 16

heart-shaped, with the notch at the base

Question 17

Corm

Answer 17

a short, solid vertical underground stem with thin papery leaves

Question 18

Dentate

Answer 18

toothed along the margin, the teeth directed outward rather than forward

Question 19

Elliptical

Answer 19

in the shape of an ellipse, or a narrow oval; broadest at the middle and narrower at the two equal ends

Question 20

Entire

Answer 20

not toothed, notched, or divided, as in the continuous margins of some leaves

Question 21

Fibrous Roots

Answer 21

a root system with all of the branches approximately equal thickness, as in the grasses and many monocots

Question 22

Glabrous

Answer 22

smooth; hairless

Question 23

Herb

Answer 23

a plant without a persistent above-ground woody stem, stems dying backing to the ground at the end of the growing season

Question 24

Internode

Answer 24

the portion of the steam between two nodes

Question 25

Lanceolate

Answer 25

lance-shaped; much longer than wide, with the widest point below the middle

Question 26

Leaf

Answer 26

an expanded, usually photosynthetic organ of a plant

Question 27

Leaf scar

Answer 27

the scar remaining on a twig after a leaf falls

Question 28

Lenticels

Answer 28

a slightly raised, somewhat corky, often lens shaped area on the surface of a young stem (or older stem)

Question 29

Linear

Answer 29

resembling a line; long and narrow with more or less parallel sides

Question 30

Lobed

Answer 30

bearing lobes which are cut less than halfway to the base or midvein

Question 31

Margin

Answer 31

the edge, as in the edge of a leaf blade

Question 32

Midvein

Answer 32

the central vein

Question 33

Mucronate

Answer 33

tipped with a short, sharp, abrupt point

Question 34

Net-veined

Answer 34

in the form of a network; reticulate

Question 35

Node

Answer 35

the position in the stem where leaves or branches originate

Question 36

Obcordate

Answer 36

with a deeply notched apex

Question 37

Oblanceolate

Answer 37

inversely lanceolate, with the attachment at the narrower end

Question 38

Obovate

Answer 38

inversely ovate, with the attachment at the narrower end

Question 39

Obtuse

Answer 39

blunt or rounded at the apex

Question 40

Opposite Leaf Arrangement

Answer 40

leaves borne across from one another at the same node, in pairs

Question 41

Oval

Answer 41

broadly elliptic, the width over one-half the length

Question 42

Ovate

Answer 42

egg shaped in outline and attached at the broad end

Question 43

Parallel-veined

Answer 43

with the main veins parallel to the leaf axis or to each other

Question 44

Petiole

Answer 44

a leaf stalk

Question 45

Prop Roots

Answer 45

adventitious roots arising from lower nodes and providing support to a stem

Question 46

Pubescent

Answer 46

bearing any kind of hairs

Question 47

Rhizome

Answer 47

a horizontal underground stem

Question 48

Root

Answer 48

the portion of the plant axis lacking nodes and leaves and usually found below ground

Question 49

Seed

Answer 49

a ripened ovule

Question 50

Serrate

Answer 50

saw like; toothed along the margin, the sharp teeth pointing forward

Question 51

Shoot

Answer 51

a young stem or branch

Question 52

Shrub

Answer 52

a woody plant, with several stems, that is shorter than a typical tree

Question 53

Simple

Answer 53

undivided, as a leaf blade which is not separate into leaflets

Question 54

Stipule

Answer 54

one of a pair of leaflike appendages found at the base of the petiole in some leaves

Question 55

Stolon

Answer 55

an elongate, horizontal stem creeping along the ground and tooing at the nodes or at the tip and giving rise to a new plant

Question 56

Taproot

Answer 56

the main root axis from which smaller root branches arise; as in most dicots

Question 57

Thorn

Answer 57

a stiff, woody, modified stem with a sharp point

Question 58

Tree

Answer 58

a large woody plant, usually with a single main stem or trunk

Question 59

Truncate

Answer 59

with the apex squared at the end as if cut off

Question 60

Tuber (root)

Answer 60

thickened root modified for food storage

Question 61

Tuber (stem)

Answer 61

the thickened portion of a rhizome bearing nodes and buds; an underground stem modified for food storage

Question 62

Vascular Bundle Scars

Answer 62

the scar from a cluster or group of vascular tissues (under vascular bundle in Harris & Harris, no mention of scar)

Question 63

Venation

Answer 63

the pattern of veining on a leaf

Question 64

Whorled

Answer 64

leaves borne three or more at the same node

Question 65

Sessile

Answer 65

attached directly without a supporting stalk, as a leaf without a petiole