Venipuncture Flashcards
Defined as the process of collecting or “Drawing” blood from a vein. It is the most
common way to collect blood in the laboratory.
VENIPUNCTURE
There are two ways of collection,
open system and the closed system
There are two ways of collection,
the open system and the closed system, as follows:
•BY SYRINGE
•BY EVACUATED TUBE SYSTEM
•BY CAPILLARY
Pre-analytical procedures
- PATIENT REGISTRATION
- REQUESTS FOR TESTING
is a routine process during which data are collected that creates a patient record
for the specific individual who is being admitted to the facility, or has arrived for testing at the
specimen collection center.
Registration
Patient’s Identity includes:
-Full name
-Address
-Date of Birth
-Proof of ID
-Sex
The process typically involves assignment of a ____________ which will appear on
all test requests and specimen labels for that patient.
patient-specific identifier
Typically, a physician or other qualified healthcare professional requests laboratory
testing; the exceptions are certain
rapid tests that can be purchased and performed at
home by consumers and blood specimens requested by law enforcement officials that
are used for evidence.
Test requests may be
manual, computerized or barcoded
Required Requisition Information
Ordering healthcare provider or another
authorized person’s name
• Patient’s full name (first, last, and middle
name or initial if applicable or available)
• Patient-specific identifier (e.g., inpatient
medical record number)
• Patient’s sex
• Patient’s date of birth or age (per facility
policy)
• Room number and bed (if inpatient)
• Test(s) that are to be performed
• Collection site, if appropriate
• Date test is to be performed (and time if
applicable)
• Test status (e.g., timed, fasting, priority)
•Other relevant information and
instructions (e.g., special
precautions like latex sensitivity)
• Billing information and ICD-10 codes (if
outpatient)
allow for fast, accurate processing, and their use has been shown to decrease laboratory errors associated with clerical mistakes
Barcode systems
The most important venipuncture step is
patient identification
Venipuncture step 1
eceive, Review, and Accession Test Request
venipuncture Step 2
Approach, Greet, and Identify the Patient
The behavior of a healthcare provider toward
or as perceived by a patient
bedside manner
It is the process of verifying a patient’s identity; it is the most crucial step in specimen
collection. It should not be rushed, or any part skipped to save time.
Patient identification
venipuncture Step 3
Explain the Procedure and Obtain Consent
Step 4:
Verify Collection Requirements, and Identify Sensitivities and Potential
Problems
Step 5:
Sanitize Hands and Put on Gloves
Step 6:
Position Patient, Apply Tourniquet, and Ask the
Patient to Make a Fist
first pumping most notably affects
level of potassium and ionized calcium
Step 7:
Select a Vein, Release the Tourniquet,
and Ask the Patient to Open the Fist
Step 8
Clean and Air-Dry the Site
a number such as a medical record number or other set of characters that is unique to the patient. This type of identifier helps eliminate mistakes caused by confusing patients with the same or similar
names or even the same name and date of birth.
patient-specific identifier
The form on which test orders are entered is called a
requisition
become part of a patient’s medical record and require specific information to ensure that the right patient is tested, the physician’s orders are met, the correct tests are performed at the proper time under the required conditions, and the patient is billed properly.
Test requisitions
are sometimes used in emergencies; however, the request is usually documented on standard request forms or entered in the computer by the time the phlebotomist arrives to collect the specimen.
Verbal test requests
are sometimes used in emergencies; however, the request is usually documented on standard request forms or entered in the computer by the time the phlebotomist arrives to collect the specimen.
Verbal test requests
come in different styles and types as simple as a test request written on a prescription pad by a physician, or a special form (Fig. 8-1) issued by a reference laboratory.
Manual requisitions
typically contain the actual labels that are placed on the specimen tubes immediately after collection. In addition to patient identification and test status information, many indicate the type of tube needed for the specimen and some indicate additional patient information such as “potential bleeder” or “no venipuncture right arm.”
Computer-Generated Requisitions
Either type of requisition may contain a one-dimensional or two- dimensional
barcode
has a series of black stripes and white spaces of varying widths that correspond to letters and numbers that represent patient information.
one-dimensional barcode
use rectangles, dots, and other geometric patterns in two dimensions to represent patient information.
Two-dimensional barcodes
