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PT > Verb Tenses > Flashcards

Verb Tenses Flashcards

1
Q

Present Tense
- When used (2)
- Key words

A

1) Current Actions or
2) Habitual Actions

  • Haabitualmente
  • Sempre
  • x vezes por semana
  • Nunca
  • As vezes
  • Normalmente
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2
Q

Present Tense
- How Formed
- Conjugation

A

Stem + AR ER IR
Eu o o o
Tu as es es
Ele a e e
Nós amos emos imos
Eles am em em

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3
Q

Present Continuous (ing)
- When used
- Key words

A

Action taking place at moment

  • Agora
  • Neste momento
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4
Q

Present Continuous (ing)
- How Formed

A

Estar: conjugated (present)
+ a + infinitive

“Estamos a comer”

-estou, estás, está, estamos, estão

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5
Q

Alternative Infinitives:
Did Something Again
- How Formed

A

Voltar: conjugated (past)
+ a + Infinitive

“Eu Voltei a passar”

-voltei, voltaste, voltou, voltámos, voltaram

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6
Q

Alternative Infinitives:
Have been doing lately
Started in past, & continues in present

  • How Formed
  • Conjugation
A

Andar: Conjugated (present)
+ a + Infinitive

“Eu ando a estudar à noite”

  • ando, andas, anda, andamos, andam
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7
Q

Alternative Infinitives:
Started doing something differently

  • How Formed
  • Conjugation
A

Passar: Conjugated (past)
+ a + Infinitive

“Eu passei a estudar mais depois do secundário”

  • passei, passaste, passou, passámos, passaram
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8
Q

Alternative Infinitives:
Stopped doing something

  • How Formed
  • Conjugation
A

Deixar: Conjugated (past)
+ a + Infinitive

“Tu deixaste de vir cá a casa”

  • deixei, deixaste, deixou, deixámos, deixaram
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9
Q

Alternative Infinitives:
Continued doing something

  • How Formed
  • Conjugation
A

Continuar: Conjugated (past)
+ a + Infinitive

“Ele continuou a ir lá a casa”

  • continuei, continuaste, continuou, continuámos, continuaram
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10
Q

Past Tense
Pretérito Perfeito
- When used
- Key words

A

Action specific moment in past

  • Ontem
  • Na semana passada
  • No ano passado
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11
Q

Past Tense
Pretérito Perfeito

  • How Formed
  • Conjugation
A

Stem + AR ER IR
Eu ei i i
Tu aste este iste
Ele ou eu iu
Nós amos emos imos
Eles aram eram iram

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12
Q

Future Tense
- When used
- Key Words

A

Action has not taken place yet

  • amanhã
  • na próxima semana
  • no próxima ano
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13
Q

Future Tense
- How Formed
- Conjugation

A

Infinitive+ AR ER IR
Eu ei ei ei
Tu ás ás ás
Ele á á á
Nós emos emos emos
Eles ão ão ão

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14
Q

Future (in practice)
- How Formed
- Conjugation

A

IR: Conjugated (present) + infinitive

“Eu vou jantar a casa amanhã”

  • Vou, vais, vai, vamos, vão
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15
Q

Imperative
- When used

A

Commands:
Take the form of orders, advice, requests, or pleas

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16
Q

Imperative
- How Formed
- Conjugation

A

3rd AR ER IR
Tu fala come abre

1st - O + AR ER IR
Tu (neg) es as as
Ele e a a
Eles em am am

17
Q

Imperfect Past Simple
Pretérito Imperfeito
- When used (8)

A

Polite Requests:
- Poder, querer, desejar, preferir, gostar de
In the Past:
- Occurred frequently
- For long periods
- While (Enquantro) another action was happening
- Hours and age
- Describe things
Unreal or hypothetical situations
Desires or wishes

18
Q

Imperfect Past Simple
Pretérito Imperfeito
- How Formed
- Conjugation

A

Stem + AR ER IR
Eu ava ia ia
Tu avas ias ias
Ele ava ia ia
Nós ávamos íamos íamos
Eles avam iam iam

19
Q

Conditional
- When used (3)

A

Polite Requests:
- Poder, querer, desejar, preferir, gostar de

Speak about Wishes

Situations unlikely to occur
- Because they depend on conditions probably not happen

Imperfect can often substitute

20
Q

Conditional
- How Formed
- Conjugation

A

Infinitive + AR ER IR
Eu ia ia ia
Tu ias ias ias
Ele ia ia ia
Nós íamos íamos íamos
Eles iam iam iam

21
Q

Personal Infinitive
- When used (5)
Subject Determined (2)
Subject Undetermined (3)

A

Subject Determined:
After: é possível, é importante,
é difícil, é necessário, its …
After: ao, para, por, sem, antes de, depois de, no caso de, ate, etc..
- OR Subject Undetermined
- As imperative
- Equivalent of noun

22
Q

Personal Infinitive
- How Formed
- Conjugation

A

Infinitive + AR ER IR
Eu — — —
Tu es es es
Ele — — —
Nós mos mos mos
Eles em em em

23
Q

Imperfect Past plus Composite (HAD …)
Pretérito Mais-que-Perfeito Composto
- When used

A
  • Action that HAD happened Before another action in the past
  • HAD gone, Had left, etc.
  • HAD plus participle English
24
Q

Imperfect Past plus participle (HAD …)
Pretérito Mais-que-Perfeito Composto
- How Formed
- Conjugation

A

Ter Conjugated (imperfect)
+ participle
- tinha, tinhas, tinha, tínhamos,
tinham

Participle: Stem + ado, ido, ido

“Eu já tinha entrado …”

25
Q

Past perfect tense composite of the indicative
Pretérito Perfeito Composto
- When used

A
  • Action that started in the past and continue in the present
  • Have Been “ing” in English
26
Q

Past perfect tense composite of the indicative
Pretérito Perfeito Composto do Indicativo
- How Formed
- Conjugation

A

Ter Conjugated (present)
+ participle
- tenho, tens, tem, temos, têm

Participle: Stem + ado, ido, ido

“Este mês tenho trabalhado muito”

27
Q

Passive Voice
- How Formed
- Conjugation

A

Auxiliary Verb SER Conjugated +
Past Participle of Main Verb

SER = tense as main verb in active voice
Participle of main verb ~ subject of the passive voice
- Direct complement of active voice = subject of passive voice

Ser: sou, és, é, somos, são
Ser: fui, foste, foi, fomos, foram
Ser: era, eras, era, éramos, eram
Ser: serei, serás, será, seremos, serão

“O bolo foi comido pelo Marco”

28
Q

Gerund
Gerúndio
- When Used (4)

A
  • Substitute a combined “e” sentence:
    “e começou => , começando”
  • To express a condition
    “ Se estiver => Estando”
  • A way something was done
    “a cantar => cantando”
  • A time something will happen
    “quando chegaramos > chegando”
29
Q

Gerund
Gerúndio
- How Formed
- Conjugation

A

Stem + ando, endo, indo

Fal(ando)
Com(endo)
Abr(indo)

30
Q

IR + Gerund
IR + Gerúndio
- When Used
- Key Word

A
  • Express an action that happened gradually, WHILE another action was happening.
  • While (Enquanto)
31
Q

IR + Gerund
IR + Gerúndio
- How Formed
- Conjugation

A

IR Conjugated (present)+ Gerund

Vou, vais, vai, vamos, vao + Gerund

“Vai comendo enquanto esperas”

Gerund: Stem + ando, endo, indo

PT (54 decks)

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