Verbal Reasoning Flashcards

Question

Measuring Countable Nouns

Answer 1

Many; Few; More; Fewer

Answer 2

We usy counting units (pieces, slices, grams, etc) or by using Much; Little; More; Less

Answer 3

They perform actions, represented by verbs. Ex: He ate

Answer 4

Serve as the object of a verb. That is, actions (represented by verbs) get done to them. Ex: The boss gave her a raise

Answer 5

Singular Ex: Everyone has.....

Answer 6

Everyone ; Everybody ; Everything ; All ; Several ; Each ; Another ; Someone ; Somebody; Something ; Many ; Some ; Either ; Any ; No One ; Nobody ; Nothing ; More ; Few ; Neither ; Other ; Anyone ; Anybody ; Anything ; Most ; Both ; Much ; One; None

Answer 7

Adjectives that are not capable of being intensified Ex: Dead; Square; Essential; Universal; Immortal; Unique

Answer 8

The main verbs in a Sentence

Answer 9

Express the action performed by a subject. The tense of an action verb provides information about When the action was performed.

Answer 10

Help other words to become complete compound verbs. Ex: is, was, has, does, will, should, can

Answer 11

If you can substitute for a NOUN, it is problably a Gerund. Another tip is look for helper verbs. If the -ing word stands alone, it is not a verb

Answer 12

The infinitive form is the base form before you conjugate the verb; For this reason, an infinitive is never the main or working verb of a sentence

Answer 13

It’s a bit weird that, in English, singular verbs generally end in -S, and plural verbs do not end in -S. Singular Verbs (It, He, She): Runs ; Differs ; Goes ; Has Plural Verbs (we; they): Run ; Differ ; Go ; Have ; Are

Answer 14

Action that started in the past and it's still true or still happening I/YOU/WE/THEY --> HAVE HE/SHE/IT --> HAS

Answer 15

Express the "Double Past" It is when something happened before another action

Answer 16

Past Perfect can also be used with a time marker Ex: By 2011, she had traveled to India twice

Answer 17

Primarily used to modify VERBS. They can also be used to describe ADJECTIVES and other ADVERBS. What they definitely DO NOT DO is to describe nouns. That's the adjective function

Answer 18

Are used to to construct modifiers, which provide additional information about something else in the sentence There are more than 100 prep in English

Answer 19

But is usually a Conjunction but can be used as a preposition when used to mean EXCEPT Ex: All developed Nations BUT the US have some form of national health insurance

Answer 20

Even though some people say it is not acceptable to end a sentence with a preposition, most grammarians defend it is acceptable. Thus, the GMAT won't test this concept

Answer 21

They link words, phrases and sentences. For Example: And ; But ; Either....or ; not only...but also ; If ; When ; Because

Answer 22

1 - Coordinating 2 - Correlative 3- Subordinating

Answer 23

FANBOYS For And Nor But Or Yet So *On the GMAT you will be probably tested if the Conjunction is right

Answer 24

The primary Correlative Conjunctions are: Either/Or Neither/Nor Both/and Wheter/Or Not only/But Also --> It can be Not only/But

Answer 25

Correct: I like to eat not only berries but also cherries, peaches, and apples Incorrect: I like not only to eat berries but also cherries, peaches and apples In the correct version the question being asked is: 'WHAT DO I LIKE TO EAT?" In the incorrect version the question is: "WHAT DO I LIKE?" In the correct answer both things after the Conjunction are nouns and in the incorrect version is a "to verb"

Answer 26

They introduce dependent clauses. A dependent clause and a subordinate clause are the same thing. Some of the most common subordinating conjunctions are: After ; Although ; As ; As If ; As long As ; Because ; Before ; Even Though ; How ; If ; If Only ; In Order ; Once ; Since ; So that ; Than ; That ; Though ; Unless ; Until ; When ; Where ; Whether ; While

Answer 27

Always Contain a Subject + Predicate Predicate always have a working verb

Answer 28

Consists in two or more independent clauses joined without appropriate punctuaction or a conjunction; For Example: It can be a Comma Splice. Which is a sentence of two independent clauses joined by only one comma

Answer 29

Type of Run-On Sentence When two independent clauses are joined by only one comma It's always wrong

Answer 30

The use of comma before AND in a list

Answer 31

Connects Two independent clauses. That is, the two parts on either sides must be complete sentences. Each one must stand alone and they must be closely related in meaning

Answer 32

Do not use it. A comma is fine

Answer 33

The colon goes before a LIST or EXPLANATION. The sentence before the colon must be able to stand alone

Answer 34

They describe something in the sentence, but they are not part of the core sentence All prepositional phrases are modifiers, and there are many other kinds of modifiers

Answer 35

INCORRECT: Full of one million tons of trash, the mayor suggested that a new landfill be built INCORRECT: Hiking through the woods, my backpack was stolen by bears. In the first one it would be referring to MAYOR and in the second one to MY BACKPACK, which does not make sense

Answer 36

The warm-up creates a question - who are the accomplished mathematicians and astronomers? The Question is answered after the comma EX: Accomplished mathematicians and astronomers, the ancient Babylonians used a base-60 number system and were able to measure the length of the solar year

Answer 37

- Don't use THAT or WHICH for people (Instead, use WHO) - When for times - Where for places INCORRECT: Young professionals THAT go to business school hope to increase their salary prospects. --> Do not use THAT for people. The right one would be WHO INCORRECT: First-degree murder is WHEN the killing was premeditated. --> First-degree murder is not a time

Answer 38

Who is used only for people Whose can be used for objects

Answer 39

Two or more phrases or clauses in a sentence that have the same grammatical structure You must follow the same structure for the 'entire list' of the sentece INCORRECT: Olympic athletes usually like practicing, competing and to eat ice cream sandwiches. Here the last one is in the infinitive form CORRECT: Olympic athletes usually like practicing, competing, and eating ice.... CORRECT: Olympic athletes usually like to practice, compete, and eat icre.....

Answer 40

We need to compare phrases which start with the same idea. WHEN with WHEN... THAT with THAT *Do not compare a phrase that starts with THAT to one that starts with WHEN, WHERE, WHICH or WHO

Answer 41

A modifier describes or qualifies another part of a sentence. A Dangling modifier occurs when the intended subject of the modifier is missing from the sentence, and instead another subject appears in its place EX: Fumbling in her purse, the keys could not be found [ERRADO] Fumbling in her purse, she could not find the keys [CORRETO] Basically, is when the modifier "has nothing" to modify. Usually, the subject (or doer) should come immediately after the comma: Ex: While driving to work, Jane witnessed a car accident on the highway

Answer 42

In getting x TO DO y

Answer 43

It should always be placed before the word it is refering Ex: [...] have once thought

Answer 44

TO Ex: Ability TO SING

Answer 45

TO ou FOR TO: Permits an action FOR: Permits the existence of Ex: The holiday allows Maria TO WATCH the movie [action] The demolion of the building ALLOWS FOR new construction [permits the existence of]

Answer 46

[8 USOS DIFERENTES] AS I walked, I became more nervous (during) AS I had already paid, I was unconcerned (because, since) AS we did last year, we will win this year (in the same way) JUST AS we did last year, we will win this year (in the same way) AS the president of the company, she works hard (in the role of) AS a child, I delivered newspaper (in the stage of being) My first job was an apprenticeship AS a sketch artist (in the role of) AS PART OF the arrangement, he received severance

Answer 47

AS...AS NOT AS....AS AS MANY...AS THREE TIMES AS MANY...AS AT LEAST AS MANY...AS ABOUT AS MANY AS AS MUCH...AS NOT SO MUCH... AS AS MUCH...SO...AS

Answer 48

she BELIEVES THAT Gary IS right She BELIEVES gary TO BE right IT IS BELIEVED THAT Gary IS right Gary IS BELIEVED TO BE right

Answer 49

She was interested BOTH in plants AND in animals

Answer 50

I STUDY hard BUT TAKE breaks I STUDY hard, BUT I TAKE breaks ALTHOUGH I TAKE frequent naps, I STUDY effectively DESPITE TAKING frequent naps, I STUDY effectively

Answer 51

I will take EITHER the subway OR the bus

Answer 52

TO or THAT

Answer 53

The price fell FROM 10 euros TO 3 Euros

Answer 54

She drank coffee IN ORDER TO STAY awake

Answer 55

A tomato is NOT a vegetable BUT a fruit

Answer 56

We wore NOT ONLY boots BUT ALSO sandals

Answer 57

The GMAT has an inconsistent position on this idiom but other authorities consider this idiom correct Ex: The sauce was SO hot AS TO burn my mouth

Answer 58

The book was SO SHORT THAT I could read it in one night

Answer 59

She gave money SO THAT the school could offer scholarships (purpose)

Answer 60

I decided to eat the food, WHETHER it was tasty OR NOT

Answer 61

1- Noun: Modify only a noun (Including pronouns) 2- Adverbial: Do NOT modify plain nouns or pronouns. Instead, theymodify almost anything else: verbs, adjectives, prep. phrases, even entire sentences

Answer 62

In the GMAT tests, the placement of a modifier is one of the most important things! The placement can completely change the meaning of the sentence

Answer 63

1- If the choice uses the ADJECTIVAL form of the word, the adjective must be modifying a noun 2- If the choice uses the adverbial form, the adverb must be modifying something other than a noun

Answer 64

A mod can be Essential Mod or Nonessential Mod This means if it's part of the core sentence or not NONESSENTIAL mods are usually separated out from the rest of the sentence by commas ESSENTIAL mods are usually not separated out by commas

Answer 65

If you see this case you will have to think about whether is essential or nonessential (Since they are both mods you don't needtho think about the noun x adverbial issue)

Answer 66

Noun Mod: Not set off by the rest of the sentence by commas (Ex: The Engineer running the meeting fixed the problem) Adverbial Mods: Set off by commas (Ex: The Engineer fixed the problem, earning herself a promotion)

Answer 67

A comma which mod has to refer to a very nearby noun (Ex: Wrong Sentence: Crime has recently decreased in our neighrborhood, which has led to a rise in property values) In this case, NEIGHBORDHOOD did not lead to a rise in property values. Rather the action crime decreased led to the rise in property values Right: CRIME HAS recently DECREASED in our neighborhood, leading to a rise in property values

Answer 68

If the mod should refer to noun, comma which. If the mod should refer to an action, use comma -ing

Answer 69

Noun Mod answer a specific question that you can ask about a noun When you ask the question "What does (the modifier) describe?" and the answer points to a stand-alone noun, you have a noun mod

Answer 70

Usually a Noun mod and the Noun are placed very close together (most of the time) Ex: A hard worker and loyal team player, the new project was managed by Sue (WRONG) A hard worker and loyal team player, Sue Managed the new project

Answer 71

Usually when the sentence starts with it and it is followed by a comma. Also, the Noun would be pretty close to it

Answer 72

In general, an essential mod takes precedence over a nonessential mod Ex: The box of nails, which is nearly full, belongs to Jean Here we have 2 mods: Of Nails and Which is nearly full Of Nails does not have a comma so it is an essential mod "comma (,) Whici...." is a nonessential mod

Answer 73

Nonessential Modifier

Answer 74

Actually Nouns! They are technically ADJECTIVES

Answer 75

A Word or Group of words that describes or limit a Noun, providing more information about it Noun Mod help to add more detail or context to the noun they modify, making the sentence more clearer

Answer 76

Which , That , Who , Whose , Whom , etc

Answer 77

Signal a Noun Modifier Which, Who, Whose, Whom, etc

Answer 78

signals a noun modifier

Answer 79

PEOPLE on the other hand, the pronoun WHICH cannot modify people

Answer 80

both PEOPLE and THINGS Ex: ...the TOWN whose water supply was contaminated

Answer 81

...the CANAL through which water flows ...the SENATOR for whom we worked When you see this preposition-which or preposition-whom structure, check whether it is correct by inverting the text to create a complete sentence: Original: The Canal through which water flows Inverted text: Water flows through the canal *Notice that WHICH is dropped in the inverted sentence

Answer 82

PLACE! Such as condition, situation, case Wrong: We had an arrangement WHERE he cooked and I cleaned Instead, use IN WHICH

Answer 83

Noun or Adverbial mods

Answer 84

It will almost always directly follow the noun that is modifying

Answer 85

When an -ing mod is not set off by a comma, then you have a noun modifier By contrast, when an -ing or -ed word is set off from the rest of the sentence by a comma, it is an adverbial modifier

Answer 86

Participles

Answer 87

they only function as verbs in one specific circumstance. Most of the time, -ing words are modifiers; they can even be nouns! She is running = is running (verb) Running is fun = Running (subject - Noun) The GIRL playing soccer is my sister = playing soccer (No commas - Noun Mod)

Answer 88

Always have ANOTHER VERB immediatealy before it She IS RUNNING

Answer 89

a NOUN or modify ANOTHER NOUN

Answer 90

an Adverbial Modifier

Answer 91

VERBS and they can be verbs all by themselves The comma rule still holds though: When the -ed word is separated by commas from the rest of the sentence, it is an adverbial modifier

Answer 92

the mod needs to refer to the main subject after the comma On the GMAT, comma -ing and comma -ed have to make sense with the whole clause that they modify

Verbal Reasoning Flashcards

(119 cards)