Verbs

Question 1

Verbs

Answer 1

words that express action, existence, or condition

Question 2

Action verbs

Answer 2

Verbs that express action

Ex. Ran, leapt

Question 3

Linking verbs

Answer 3

Sometimes known as the copulative verb, joins the subject of the sentence to some word or words in the predicate. The most common example is “be”

Question 4

How can you test if a verb is a linking verb?

Answer 4

Substitute the appropriate version of the form “be”. If it fits then the original verb was a linking verb.

Question 5

Verb phrases

Answer 5

Composed of more than one verb - a main or principal verb and auxiliary verbs

Question 6

Principal verb

Answer 6

Or main verb. By itself it can express complete action, existences or condition. It is always positioned at the end of the verb phrase.

Question 7

Auxiliary verbs

Answer 7

Or helping verbs. The verbs in the verb phrase that precede the principal or main verb. A verb phrase may contain as many as four helping verbs. They specify characteristics of the principal or main verb but cannot stand alone as complete verbs.

Ex. Be, have, do, can, may, will, shall, and must

Question 8

What are the five primary characteristics of verbs?

Answer 8

Number, person, voice, mood, and tense

Question 9

Number of the verb

Answer 9

Indicates how many people, creatures, or things a verb refers to. Singular or plural.

Ex. He runs, they run.

Question 10

Person verbs

Answer 10

Describes the perspective from which the speaker is making his or her statements or observations. Can be first, second, or third.

Question 11

First person verbs

Answer 11

When the speaker wants to describe what they are doing, seeing, feeling, etc. Employs the pronouns I or we and the verbs take the appropriate forms to match.

Question 12

Second person verbs

Answer 12

The speaker addresses the person or people around them. Uses the pronoun you.

Question 13

Third person

Answer 13

Employs the pronouns he, she,it, or they. Or any third person pronouns. Similar to a person observing their environment or an omniscient third person.

Question 14

Active voice

Answer 14

The subject of the sentence takes the action of the verb

Question 15

Passive voice

Answer 15

The subject is acted upon.

Question 16

What’s an easy way to test for passive voice?

Answer 16

If the preposition by is present - or if you can easily insert a phrase starting with the word by that indicates who performed the action.

Question 17

Indicative mood is used when you

Answer 17

Make a statement or ask a question

Question 18

Imperative mood is used when you

Answer 18

Give commands or make requests. Always in second person because commands and requests are always spoken to another person.

Wipe, set, and fetch are all in the imperative mood.

Question 19

Subjunctive mood is when you

Answer 19

Express wishes or make statements contrary to fact. They express hypothetical or imaginary situations. Can also be used to make commands (ex. It is necessary he be told immediately. Be told is subjunctive) or express a motion (ex. I move that he be permitted to keep chickens. Be permitted is subjunctive)

If is frequently used with subjunctive mood, but you can also use though, lest, unless, that, and till.

Were is always used for subjunctive.

Question 20

The three verb tenses

Answer 20

Past, present, future

Question 21

Present tense

Answer 21

Only those actions or states of being that exist in the immediate moment.

Question 22

Past tense

Answer 22

Includes any action or state of being that we could find between the dawn of time and a split second before the present.

Question 23

Future tense

Answer 23

Encompasses all actions or states of being we might encounter between the briefest of moments after the present and the end of time.

A verb in the future tense must be in the form of a verb phrase. There are no future tense forms for single verbs, so grammar demands that we use one of the auxiliaries shall or will with a principal verb in a verb phrase to create the future tense.

Question 24

What are the simple forms of verbs?

Answer 24

Past, present, and future

Question 25

What are the perfect forms of verbs?

Answer 25

Present perfect, past present, future perfect

Question 26

The perfect forms of tenses

Answer 26

Have fixed ending points in terms of time.

Question 27

How do you form the present perfect tense of a verb?

Answer 27

Use have or has with the past participle of the main verb (have or has + verb + -ed). Ex. I have completed my work.

Question 28

How do you form the past perfect tense of a verb?

Answer 28

Use had with the past participle of the main verb (had + verb + -ed). Ex. I had completed my work.

Question 29

How do you form the future perfect tense of a verb?

Answer 29

Use either shall or will and have with the past participle of the main verb (shall or will + have + verb + -ed). Ex. I shall have completed all my work before our vacation tomorrow.

Question 30

What is the progressive form?

Answer 30

Another form of tense that describes verbs whose action or condition is specifically ongoing. It begins at some point in time, past, present, or future, and continues.

Question 31

How do you form the progressive tense of a verb?

Answer 31

Add a form of be to its present participle (be + verb + -ing). For future progressive you also use shall or will. Present progressive: I am loving you Past progressive: I was loving you Future progressive: I shall be loving you

Question 32

What tense from is the following sentence using: “I have been looking for you”?

Answer 32

Present perfect progressive

Question 33

What tense from is the following sentence using: “I had been looking for you”?

Answer 33

Past perfect progressive

Question 34

What tense form is the following sentence: “I shall have been looking for you”?

Answer 34

Future perfect progressive

Question 35

What part of the verb phrase indicates the tense?

Answer 35

The first auxiliary verb in a verb phrase indicates the tense.

Question 36

What is subject verb agreement?

Answer 36

The person and number of the verb must match the person and number of the subject noun(s) or pronoun(s)

Question 37

What is a compound subject?

Answer 37

Subjects composed of several nouns or pronouns connected by and, or, either-or, or neither-nor.

Question 38

True or false: subjects connected by and almost always form a plural subject and demand a plural verb. If false, why? If true, what are the exceptions?

Answer 38

True with two exceptions. 1) when a compound subject comes to be regarded as singular through popular usage (ex. Bacon and eggs is my favorite breakfast) 2) when subjects connected by and describe a single person or thing (ex, the creator and champion of the sport is injured)

Question 39

What are the rules for either-or and neither-nor?

Answer 39

1. When two singular subjects are connected by either-or or neither-nor we regard the compound subject as singular and it takes a singular verb. 2. If a singular subject and a plural subject are connected, the verb takes the number of whichever subject is closer.

Question 40

Conjugation of a verb is

Answer 40

The complete set of verb forms inflected across tense, mood, voice, person, and number.

Question 41

Regular verbs

Answer 41

Form their past indicative and past participle parts in a regular way (-ed is added to their present indicative form - i.e. the base)

Question 42

Irregular verbs

Answer 42

form the past indicative and past participle parts in irregular ways. There is no easy method to use.

Question 43

Base of the verb

Answer 43

The base is the present indicative form

Question 44

To conjugate the present indicative forms:

Answer 44

Every verb in the present indicative except be derives its first and second singular forms and its first, second, and third plural forms from the base, unchanged. [verb] To derive the third person singular forms, add -s or -es to the base. [verb + -s]

Question 45

To conjugate the past indicative forms:

Answer 45

Add -ed or -d to the base forms of regular verbs. Or make the necessary changes for irregular verbs. [verb + -ed]

Question 46

To conjugate the past participle:

Answer 46

Add -ed or -d to the base forms of regular verbs. [verb + -ed]

Question 47

To conjugate the present perfect indicative forms:

Answer 47

Pair the past participle of the verb with either have or has [have or has + verb + -ed]

Question 48

To conjugate the past perfect indicative forms:

Answer 48

Had followed by the past participle [had + verb + -ed]

Question 49

To conjugate the future indicative forms:

Answer 49

Use shall or will with the base of the verb [shall or will + verb]

Question 50

To conjugate the future perfect indicative forms:

Answer 50

Use shall or will with have and then past participle [shall or will + have + verb + -ed]

Question 51

To conjugate the imperative forms:

Answer 51

Use its unchanged base [verb]

Question 52

To conjugate the present subjunctive forms:

Answer 52

Use the unchanged base form of the verb

Question 53

To conjugate the past subjunctive forms:

Answer 53

With two exceptions it is identical to the past indicative form. Exceptions: when the subject is first person singular or third person singular and it’s verb is be, use were instead of was.

Question 54

To conjugate the past perfect subjunctive forms:

Answer 54

Identical to the past perfect indicative. Use had with the past participle.

Question 55

To conjugate the present participle forms:

Answer 55

Add -ing to the base form | Present participle is used in the progressive form of a verb

Question 56

Different verbs are helped by different types of words or phrases, but they will always

Answer 56

follow the verb.

Question 57

Action verbs may take _____ and ______, while linking verbs take _______.

Answer 57

Direct and Indirect objects, subject complements

Question 58

The direct object receives _____ and answers the questions _____ or _____?

Answer 58

the action of the verb, whom or what?

Question 59

In the sentence "she gave me a present", is present a direct or indirect object?

Answer 59

Direct, it tells us what she gave.

Question 60

The indirect object receives and _____ the direct object in the sentence.

Answer 60

precedes

Question 61

Indirect objects answer these questions

Answer 61

To whom? or For whom?

Question 62

Most indirect objects refer to

Answer 62

people

Question 63

In the sentence "she gave me the evil eye", which word is the direct object and which word is the indirect object?

Answer 63

direct object: eye, indirect object: me

Question 64

Direct objects are usually

Answer 64

nouns or pronouns

Question 65

Any verb that requires a direct object is known as

Answer 65

a transitive verb

Question 66

An intransitive verb

Answer 66

does not take an object

Question 67

In the sentence "I taught the children" is taught a transitive or intransitive verb?

Answer 67

Transitive, it takes the object children

Question 68

In the sentence "we stayed at the Ritz" is stayed a transitive or intransitive verb?

Answer 68

Intransitive, it doesn't take an object.

Question 69

What is an object complement?

Answer 69

Nouns, pronouns, and adjectives that rename or describe the direct object. It always follows the direct object in the sentence.

Question 70

What is a subject complement?

Answer 70

Nouns, pronouns, adjectives, or nominals that rename or describe the subjects of sentences - i.e. they complement the subjects! They always follow linking verbs.

Question 71

What is another name for a subject complement?

Answer 71

Predicate nominative - for nominals - or predicate adjective for adjectives.

Question 72

Contractions are

Answer 72

Two words joined together with an apostrophe

Question 73

What is the contraction for is not?

Answer 73

isn't

Question 74

What is the contraction for should not?

Answer 74

shouldn't

Question 75

What is the contraction for does not?

Answer 75

doesn't

Question 76

What is the contraction for have not?

Answer 76

haven't

Question 77

What is the contraction for will not?

Answer 77

won't

Question 78

What is the contraction for shall not?

Answer 78

shan't

Question 79

What is the contraction for I am?

Answer 79

I'm

Question 80

What is the contraction for I have?

Answer 80

I've

Question 81

What is the contraction for you are?

Answer 81

you're

Question 82

What is the contraction for we have?

Answer 82

we've

Question 83

What is the contraction for they have?

Answer 83

they've

Question 84

What is the contraction for he is?

Answer 84

he's

Question 85

What is the contraction for she is?

Answer 85

she's

Question 86

What is the contraction for it has or it is?

Answer 86

it's

Question 87

What is the contraction for might have?

Answer 87

might've

Question 88

What is the contraction for could have?

Answer 88

could've

Question 89

What is the contraction for should have?

Answer 89

should've

Question 90

What is the contraction for would have?

Answer 90

would've