verbs Flashcards
(114 cards)
What is a weak verb?
A weak verb is a verb that forms the past tense by adding a « t » to the stem.
kaufen (to buy) … er kaufte (he bought)
What is a strong verb?
A strong verb is a verb that forms the past tense with a vowel change in the stem.
rennen (to run) … er rannte (he ran)
What is a mixed verb?
A mixed verb is a verb that forms the past tense with a vowel change In the stem and the addition of a « t » to the stem.
e.g. denken (to think) … er dachte (he thought)
What is an auxiliary verb?
Auxiliary verbs are used to form compound tenses.
Haben (to have) .. ich habe gekauft (I have bought)
What is the present tense used for?
The present tense is used to describe something that is happening now?
ich esse einen Apfel
(I am eating an apple)
What is the imperfect tense used for?
The imperfect tense is used to describe something that used to happen?
ich aß einen Apfel
(I ate an apple)
What is the perfect tense used for ?
The perfect tense is used to describe something that happened in the past?
ich habe einen Apfel gegessen
(I have eaten an apple)
What is the pluperfect tense used for?
The pluperfect tense is used to describe something that had happened in the past?
ich hatte einen Apfel gegessen
(I had eaten an apple)
What is the indicative mood?
The indicative mood makes a statement or asks a question.
Wer hat den Apfel gegessen?
(Who has eaten the apple)
What is the conditional mood?
The conditional mood is used to express a proposition whose validity is dependent on some condition or other.
Ich würde einen Apfel essen, wenn ich einen hätte.
(I would eat an apple, if I had one)
What is the imperative mood?
The imperative mood is used to give commands.
Essen Sie diesen Apfel
(Eat this apple)
What is the active voice?
With the active voice, the subject performs the action.
Der Junge aß einen Apfel
(The boy ate an apple)
What is the passive voice?
With the passive voice, the action is performed on the subject.
Der Apfel wurde von einem Jungen gegessen
(The apple was eaten by a boy)
What is an impersonal verb?
Impersonal verbs only have an es form.
Es regnet
(It is raining)
What is the future tense?
The future tense is used to describe something that will happen.
ich werde den Apfel gegessen
(I will eat the apple)
What is a modal verb?
Modal verbs indicate modality. The desire, ability, permission or obligation of an action.
ich will den Apfel essen
(I want to eat the apple)
How is the present tense of weak verbs formed?
The present tense of a weak verb is formed from
the stem (infinitive – en) + endings (e, st, t, en, t, en).
Form the present tense for weak verb kaufen (to buy)
ich kaufe
du kaufst
er kauft
wir kaufen
ihr kauft
sie kaufen
How is the present tense formed for weak verbs ending in -ten?
An “e” is added between the stem and the “t” to aid pronunciation?
Form the present tense for weak verb arbeiten (to work)
ich arbeite
du arbeitest
er arbeitet
wir arbeiten
ihr arbeitet
sie arbeiten
How is the present tense formed for strong verbs?
The present tense of a strong verb is formed from the stem (infinitive – en) with a vowel change for the 2nd and 3rd person singular + ending (e, st, t, en, t, en).
Form the present tense for strong verb laufen.
ich laufe
du läufst
er läuft
wir laufen
ihr lauft
sie laufen
Form the present tense for strong verb essen.
ich esse
du isst
er isst
wir essen
ihr esst
sie essen
Form the present tense for strong verb lesen.
ich lese
du liest
er liest
wir lesen
ihr lest
sie lesen