Vernacular

Question 1

Vernacular architecture

Answer 1

Arises in which a type developed over a long period of time is adapted to specific requirements, the local site and it’s microclimate
More evidence of cultural influence
Respond very well to climate
Not just buildings physical properties, how occupants use and engage with it

Question 2

Bio climatic chart

Answer 2

Indicated normal comfort zone as function of air temperature and relative humidity

Comfort zone relies on
Relative humidity of 20-80%
Air temp of 18.5-37 degrees (depending on RH)

Question 3

Polar

Answer 3

Protect against: high winds, extreme cold, snow

Control required: minimum heat loss

Typical characteristics: low surface to volume ratio, few windward openings

Example: Eskimo Igloo
Chambered tunnel - curved to block wind
Living floor raised - reduce draughts
Skins - radiant screen and create insulative space

Question 4

Temperate - cold winters

Answer 4

Protect against: rain, snow, cold winds

Control required: min hear loss in winter, Max warmth from winter sun, ventilation in summer

Typical characteristics: good insulation, small north Windows, large south Windows, medium toned colours

Example: Massachusetts salt box house - long pitched roof

Question 5

Temperate - hot summers

Answer 5

Protect against: winter cold, summer heat

Control required: min heat loss in winter, min heat gain in summer, shade and ventilation, use water and greenery

Typical characteristics: good insulation, small shuttered Windows, balconies and loggias for breeze, light colours

Example: Alcaquezar, Spain

Question 6

Hot arid

Answer 6

Protect against: heat, sand, sun, wind, dryness

Control required: use water to level out temperature

Typical characteristics: courtyard, heavy walls to store head and protect against cold, ponds and fountains to cool and humidify air, light colours

Example: Iraq

Question 7

Hot humid

Answer 7

Protect against: rain, humidity, heat, sun

Control required: ventilation, cooling

Typical characteristics: large overhanging roofs, light walls, shaded verandahs, cross ventilation, high ceilings, vented roof spaces

Example: Micronesia, BELOW southern USA

Question 8

Primitive architecture

Answer 8

Elementary but illustrates an ability to make most of surrounding natural resources. Concentrated on removing environments most life threatening factor