vertebrates Flashcards
(24 cards)
vertebrate
an animal with a backbone
Endotherm
an animal that can use body heat from chemical reactions in the body’s cells to maintain a constant body tempature
Ectotherm
an organism that needs sources of heat outside of itself
Lateral Line
a faint line visible on both sides of a fish body that rus the length of the body and marks the location of sense of organs that detect vibrations
Gill
a respiratory organ in which oxygen from the water is exchanged with carbon dioxide from the blood
Jawless fishes (examples)
Hagfish, lampreys
Cartilaginous fishes (examples)
stingray, hammerhead sharks
Bony fishes (examples)
goldfish,tuna,trout
Swim bladder
a gas-filled sac that is used to control buoyancy also known as a gas badder
Lung
respiratory oxygen in which oxygen from the air is exchanged with carbon dioxide from the blood
Tadpole
the aquatic, fish-shaped larva of a frog or toad
Metamorphosis
a phase in the life cycle of many animals during which a rapid change from the immature form of an organism to the adult form takes place
Caecilians
Caecilians are a group of limbless, vermiform or serpentine amphibians. They mostly live hidden in the ground and in stream substrates, making them the least familiar order of amphibians. Caecilians are mostly distributed in the tropics of South and Central America, Africa, and southern Asia.
Salamanders
Salamanders are a group of amphibians typically characterized by their lizard-like appearance, with slender bodies, blunt snouts, short limbs projecting at right angles to the body, and the presence of a tail in both larvae and adults. All ten extant salamander families are grouped together under the order Urodela
Frogs
A frog is any member of a diverse and largely carnivorous group of short-bodied, tailless amphibians composing the order Anura
Toads
Toad is a common name for certain frogs, especially of the family Bufonidae, that are characterized by dry, leathery skin, short legs, and large bumps covering the parotoid glands
Amniotic egg
The amniotic egg: An air-breathing egg characterized by a shell and extraembryonic membranes. These enclosed the amniote embryo in a private pond during its development and mediated gas-exchange with the external environment.
Turtles
Turtles are an order of reptiles known as Testudines, characterized by a shell developed mainly from their ribs. Modern turtles are divided into two major groups, the side-necked turtles and hidden neck turtles which differ in the way the head retracts
Tortoises
Tortoises are reptiles of the family Testudinidae of the order Testudines. They are particularly distinguished from other turtles by being exclusively land-dwelling, while many other turtle species are at least partly aquatic. Like other turtles, tortoises have a shell to protect from predation and other threats
Crocodiles
Crocodiles or true crocodiles are large semiaquatic reptiles that live throughout the tropics in Africa, Asia, the Americas and Australia
Alligators
An alligator is a crocodilian in the genus Alligator of the family Alligatoridae. The two extant species are the American alligator and the Chinese alligator. Additionally, several extinct species of alligator are known from fossil remains.
Snakes
Snakes are elongated, limbless, carnivorous reptiles of the suborder Serpentes. Like all other squamates, snakes are ectothermic, amniote vertebrates covered in overlapping scales
Lizards
Lizards are a widespread group of squamate reptiles, with over 6,000 species, ranging across all continents except Antarctica, as well as most oceanic island chains
Tuataras
a nocturnal burrowing lizard-like reptile with a crest of soft spines along its back, now confined to some small islands off New Zealand.
